# occurrence

institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063312
modified: 2006-08-10 15:55:27.247000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Deccan
ScientificName: Commiphora mukul
scientificNameAuthorship: (Hook. ex Stocks) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: mukul
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Residuum, sun dried, after removal of the fluid balsam, product of the Amyris commiphora , a new drug from Poolyapoon (?) Deccan collected for and presented by ?? in 1854/55. Trees also found in the ?? and Mandoo in Malwar.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063326
modified: 2006-07-24 17:42:40.983000
locality: Arabia
ScientificName: Commiphora playfairii
scientificNameAuthorship: (Hook.f. ex Oliv.) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: playfairii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fine specimen of Opaque Bdellium described by Guibourt as a kind of Myrrh used for adulteration


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063328
modified: 2005-06-22 12:11:30.977000
locality: Palestine
ScientificName: Commiphora opobalsamum
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: opobalsamum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  These berries are imported from Arabia, and are kept by all the native druggists : they have a pleasant terebinthinate odour. I have compared them with the figures and description of the fruit of B.opobalsamum in Bentley and Trimens Medicinal Plants, and consider that there can be no doubt of their identity If soaked in water they soften and can be easily dissected and the remarkable form of the pulpy layer within the epicarp can be seen. Sections of the epicarp show very large ramifying balsam cells, which appear to communicate one with another. The fruit is consisder to be a powerful carminative and digestive ; it is also praised as a stimulant expectorant, and is usually administered in combination with tragacanth. Dymock Pharm Journal


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063330
modified: 2006-08-07 16:06:44
country: Somalia
countryCode: SO
locality: Somaliland, Near Bulhar, Habr Awal Country
ScientificName: Commiphora opobalsamum
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: opobalsamum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This bush or tree grows to a height of 5 to 6 feet and is thornless. The bark is smooth and thin, being no more than 1mm in thickness. The leaf bearing portions are nearly always the new wood or slender shoots. There appears to be no fruit. Named in Herb Letter 411.1910 'Daseino' specimen afterwards numbered 590 be Drake-Brockman - see letter dated Sept 15th 1910


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063336
ScientificName: Commiphora
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  By purchase in Southall London 'Duns River' Gum Myrrh, contents half an oz. Foreign Produce


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063353
modified: 2010-07-08 13:11:16.557000
country: Ethiopia
countryCode: ET
locality: Ethiopia
ScientificName: Commiphora
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Incense imported from Ethiopia, bought at Masabit, Kenya, Dec 1978 Flora of Tropical East Africa


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063368
modified: 2006-07-28 10:24:20.420000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Bengal, Darjeeling
ScientificName: Garuga pinnata
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Garuga
specificEpithet: pinnata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The gum of this tree is greenish yellow, translucent, in small mamilliform masses, having a mild terebinithate odour and taste.  Only a very small part of it is soluble in rectified spirit, causing a slight turbidity; in water it rapidly disintegrates forming a tolerably thick mucilage, in which globules of oleo resin may be seen with the microscope; the insoluble portion is amorphous, flaky and white.  The mucilage is precipitated milk white by rectified spirit.  I am not aware of this gum having been used for any purpose.  The tree is nowhere very abundant; my specimen came from N Canara.  Dymock, Pharm Journ.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063374
recordNumber: S1407/3
modified: 2006-08-03 16:13:57.027000
recordedBy: Bola I
country: Fiji
countryCode: FJ
locality: Fiji, Nabukavesi (Namosi)
eventDate: 1962-03-23 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 23/03/1962
ScientificName: Haplolobus floribundus
scientificNameAuthorship: (K.Schum.) H.J.Lam
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Haplolobus
specificEpithet: floribundus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A big tree 50 feet high, G.B.H. 4 feet. Common at Nabukavesi (Namosi) about 7 miles away from the sea coast, 300 feet A.S.L. Rainfall approx 180 inches per annum. Tripical Rain Forest (wet). Bark slash exudes resin gums. Tree straight, fair crown, specimen cut: middle CSIRO S1407/3, F.D : N.I. 13


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063382
modified: 2006-08-01 16:46:25.087000
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: British Guiana
ScientificName: Protium guianense
scientificNameAuthorship: (Aubl.) Marchand
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Protium
specificEpithet: guianense
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  In all probability this is from P. guianense March. Kew Index - Amyris ambrosiaca Linn = Protium icicariba March, Brazil. A.ambrosiaca Moc & Jesse = Icica serrata DC., Mexico A.ambrosiaca Spreng = Protium guianense March., Tropical AmericaA.ambrosiaca Willd  = Protium heptaphyllum March, Tropical America A.ambrosiaca Vell.  = Protium heptaphyllum ? Amyris ambrosiaca Mey. = Icica heptaphylla Aubl. (Fl.3.W.Ind Griseb 173) Icica heptaphylla Griseb = Protium guianense March. De Candolle Monographiae Vol IV p.72 - Protium guianense March ind Adansonia VIII p.52 Syn Icica guianense Aubl, Amyris guianense Willd., Icica copal Rich., Icica heptaphylla Bl., (Griseb Fl.B W.Ind 173) and Amyris ambrosiaca Spreng. Protium guianense March Dominica Aug 23.1888 - Flowers green, forest tree 'gommier jaune' (local name) has an inflammable gum. July 25 1888 'Gommier' sweet smelling gum which oozes from the trunk, is mixed with incense in churches P.guianense March. var. St Lucia - gommier l`incense (local name) Oct 11th 1888 gives a gum used in churches to mix with incense. (sent as Amyris balsamifera) Icica heptaphylla Aubl. Gr. (Flora of B W Indies named by Prof Grisebach) Icica copal A Rich (Griseb) Copal (Plantae cubenses wrightiana) Icica heptaphylla Aubl. (Griseb.) (Plantae cubenses wrightianae) Icica copal Rich. (Griseb.) (Plantae cubenses wrightianae) Amyris ambrosiaca ? yielding the resin ' Hajawaj' Bursers (Icica heptaphylla (?) B Guiana, Jenman 1879 cf P. guianense Protium guianense March var., Gommier l`incense of St Lucia - Bois d`encens    (Fr Guiana) Encens de Cayenne (Icones Plantarium Plate 1571 There is a specimen in the Museum of water worn resin called Protium heptaphyylum March, B Guiana, native name 'Hyawa' or 'Hiawa', and it is not unlikely that this gum is the same. Although the specimen in question is transparent and that described as Hjawa is opaque. JHH Dec 12.1903


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063387
modified: 2006-08-01 17:02:34.510000
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: British Guiana
ScientificName: Protium heptaphyllum
scientificNameAuthorship: (Aubl.) Marchand
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Protium
specificEpithet: heptaphyllum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Hiawa grows plentifully in Essequebo in loose sandy soil, its wood is little used as it decays rapidly on exposure to the weather. Like oolu (No51) it has a strong aromatic scent, is light and should be useful for drawers and wardrobe shelves. This tree produces the gum known as 'Hiawa' or resin of Conima which is burnt as incense. The average height is about 50 feet and it will square 10 inches. sp.gr. .840 [Catalogue of the Exhibits of British Guiana, Chicago Exhib 1843 Vol II.1. p. 34] (Icica heptaphylla Aubl. = Protium heptaphyllum March. See Kew Index) JHH Dec 12 1903 Water or weather worn


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063388
country: Venezuela
countryCode: VE
locality: Venezuela, Province of Maracaibo
ScientificName: Protium heptaphyllum
scientificNameAuthorship: (Aubl.) Marchand
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Protium
specificEpithet: heptaphyllum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Or Protium guianense A resin greatly imported from the Province of Maracaibo The value od 1 pound at Caracas is ???? (difficult to read)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063389
modified: 2006-08-01 17:08:21.163000
recordedBy: Lushington AW
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Madras, Vizagapatam
ScientificName: Protium serratum
scientificNameAuthorship: (Wall. ex Colebr.) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Protium
specificEpithet: serratum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Coll AW Lushington near Lamsingi, comm. JS Gamble 14.x.04 These are not connected with any specimen in the Herbarium.  Some have been retained for the carpological collection. JAS 19.x.04 Near Lamsingi, Golgonda Taluk. Madras Presidency.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063396
modified: 2004-07-20 12:48:35.603000
recordedBy: Spruce, Richard
country: Venezuela
countryCode: VE
locality: Venezuela, Rio Orinoco
ScientificName: Protium
scientificNameAuthorship: Burm.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Protium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Extracted by the Maquitare and Piaroa Indians on the Orinoco.  Applied in plasters to the chest as Burgundy Pitch is applied in Europe.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063399
modified: 2006-08-16 17:12:57.223000
locality: Hedjaz Mountains
ScientificName: Commiphora
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Balsam obtained from a species of Commiphora and fruits of the tree growing in the Hedjaz mountains.  The balsam is used for curing cuts and bruises.  It is also taken internally, and is said to be purgative.  It is greatly esteemed by theBedouins.  It is also taken internally in roses of 1 or 2 drops in a cup of coffee (as purgative) Tree growing in the Hedjaz Mountains.  It produces a resin which is extracted by puncture (specimen sent in bottle).  Leaves and wood are very aromatic.  This tree will remain for years leafless if deprived of water.  James Horrab, Consul, Jeddah.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063403
modified: 2013-04-10 14:49:13.347000
recordedBy: Spruce, Richard
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil, Para
ScientificName: Burseraceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Source: Spruce, R. (1908) IN: Wallace, A. ed. Notes of a botanist on the Amazon & Andes, pg 52 : At Para I saw the mode of collecting the native white pitch (Breo branco), which is used there, and throughout the Amazon, for caulking seams.  It is yieldedby various species of the genus Icica trees which closely resemble the sumach and chiefly by one with a tall, clean growing trunk which was in great request for masts.  When the bark of an Icica is wounded, a white milk flows slowly out and coagulates just below the wound, which does not heal up quickly as in most milky trees, but continues to distil for several months or even years.  The Indians, therefore, when they come across these trees in the forest, gash them with their tercados, in order that, when they revisit them some time afterwards, they may find a good lump of resin accumulated.  Breo banco is brought to market, either in its crude form, packed in baskets lined with leaves, when it is called breo virgem, or in thick cylinders, having been run into moulds of that shape.. It is whitish, friable and exhales a strong agreeable odour.  When melted and spread out over a plank or seam, it dries rapidly, and unless a good quantity of grease has been mixed with it in the melting it breaks away; but if that precaution has been taken it adheres very tenaciously, and keeps out the water much better than the black pitch or Oanani, which is obtained from a Clusiacceous tree.  Icica is the native name for the pitch in general;and the white pitch is calledby the Indians Icicaritari.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063406
modified: 2006-10-27 14:30:46.647000
country: Liberia
countryCode: LR
locality: Liberia
ScientificName: Burseraceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Gum is beaten up with pipe clay and used as a linament; also after being burnt is used to rub into tattoo cuts.  It is volatile and smells of menthol; the quantity issuing from cuts on the tree, which is about 2` in diameter, is not large and does not come readily.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063418
modified: 2006-11-03 16:00:46.113000
country: Somalia
countryCode: SO
locality: Somali Coast
ScientificName: Boswellia
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb. ex Colebr.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Boswellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The gum is held in little estimation and is only mixed with others to increase quantity and weight.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006343
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: British Guiana
ScientificName: Dipteryx odorata
scientificNameAuthorship: (Aubl.) Forsyth f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Dipteryx
specificEpithet: odorata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Woods of British Guiana, exhibited by Park & Cunningham, Demerara. Used for logs, shafts. Height 90 feety.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063443
modified: 2006-10-25 14:17:15.907000
country: Somalia
countryCode: SO
locality: British Somaliland, Guban, Berber
ScientificName: Commiphora
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Collected from the Duncal tree growing on the mountains to the south and south east of Berbera Somaliland Protectorate. This bosllium is said to be a deadly poison


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063452
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay
ScientificName: Commiphora
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  No 6486, The two larger pieces from Bombay from Prof Dymock Dr K Loll Dey - Sub-assistant Surgeon in the Medical College of Calcutta


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063459
recordedBy: Hirsch Leo
ScientificName: Commiphora
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Exported from Nakalla? (Makalla?) to India for cementing or hardening mortar of lime?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063466
modified: 2006-10-31 11:57:24.823000
ScientificName: Protium guianense
scientificNameAuthorship: (Aubl.) Marchand
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Protium
specificEpithet: guianense
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Produced according to W by a Myroxylon.  Identified by Guibourt as his Tacamagu jaune terreuse (25.vi.1852).  Dr Julius Martiny designated it (1.vi.1852) Schwarzlich graues Tacamahac.  Received from AJ de Warszewiez V. 1851


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063486
modified: 2006-10-27 11:52:40.200000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Boswellia
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb. ex Colebr.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Boswellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  For the Museum of the Roayl Victoria Hospital at Netley, collection of indigenous drugs, made by Asst Surgeon Kanny Loll Dey, Rai Bahadoor, Campbell Medical School, Calcutta,  Vernacular - Gandlia lunaja?.  Rubefacient


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063488
modified: 2006-10-27 10:29:30.983000
locality: Somaliland
ScientificName: Commiphora opobalsamum
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: opobalsamum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Specimen of whitish yellow stem and branch of tree called Hoday from Gello Kur?, Feb 1899, Somaliland (No 2)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063512
modified: 2007-01-25 17:06:41.693000
ScientificName: Commiphora
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Myrrha alba of Dr J Martiny.  Bdellium opaque of Guibourt - Hist des Drog Tome iii p 473.  Found among Turkey Myrrh.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063521
modified: 2006-10-27 11:59:49.113000
country: Yemen
countryCode: YE
locality: Aden
ScientificName: Catha edulis
scientificNameAuthorship: (Vahl) Endl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Celastraceae
genus: Catha
specificEpithet: edulis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Muk taree kaat named from the district it comes from, is not so much sought after as the Sabbare Kaat & is cheaper. Price of this bundle 1 anna???? Aden 24 May 1852. Javaugham ???? Illegible writing.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063525
locality: West Coast of Africa
ScientificName: Carapa guineensis
scientificNameAuthorship: Sweet
kingdom: Plantae
family: Meliaceae
genus: Carapa
specificEpithet: guineensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Oil of ditto, expressed in London & desidue of the seeds after expression of the oil.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063526
modified: 2006-10-27 12:00:53.100000
ScientificName: Cedrela toona
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb. ex Rottler & Willd.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Meliaceae
genus: Cedrela
specificEpithet: toona
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Vernacular name in foreign language. Occurrence; A large tree found throughout the evergreen forests. Produce; Bark which is frequently used in place of Peruvian Bark. An infusion of the bark is freely employed for fever. The produce can be had in large quantities, the cost of delivery of which  at Thenmalai S.I.R. is about Rs 5 per 100 lbs.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063528
country: Japan
countryCode: JP
locality: Japan
ScientificName: Melia toosendan
scientificNameAuthorship: Siebold & Zucc.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Meliaceae
genus: Melia
specificEpithet: toosendan
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  251, Name in Chinese. Label source:  Tube of three fruits: Thibel drugs Director Kew. Chinese writing. 186 Peking Apoth.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063529
recordedBy: Rusby Dr HH
country: Bolivia
countryCode: BO
locality: Bolivia, Rurenabaque
eventDate: 1921-11-01 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 00/11/1921
ScientificName: Guarea bangii
scientificNameAuthorship: Rusby
kingdom: Plantae
family: Meliaceae
genus: Guarea
specificEpithet: bangii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Guapi or Coccillana 'B' The usual spurious coccillana. Ref. J.A.P.A. Vol XI No. 10 Oct. 1922.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063533
modified: 2006-11-03 15:25:06.873000
identifiedBy: Guibourt Prof
ScientificName: Protium
scientificNameAuthorship: Burm.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Protium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Resine elemi du Bresil of Guibourt. Label source:  Resina Elemi bought at Coire, Switzerland VI. 1852. Identified by Prof Guibourt (25.VI.1852) as the Resine Elemi du Bresil of this Histoire des Drog. Tome III.p 475.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063535
ScientificName: Ilex paraguariensis
scientificNameAuthorship: A.St.-Hil.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Aquifoliaceae
genus: Ilex
specificEpithet: paraguariensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Used in this form in Brazil, but not in the Argentine Republic. Tube; Hervea Sold H.J. Lea for Rheumatism 1927. Consisting of Mate Tea.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006354
modified: 2019-03-07 11:30:19.870000
country: Colombia
countryCode: CO
locality: Putumayo, Mocoa Locality revised 2019
ScientificName: Erythrina amasisa
scientificNameAuthorship: Spruce
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Erythrina
specificEpithet: amasisa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source: Erythrina amasisa, Spruce. Mocoa, Colombia 7.1903. T.A.Sprague, esq.   Accepted name (2019): E.poeppigiana (Walp.) O.F.Cook Notes updated 2019


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063545
modified: 2006-10-27 14:09:57.207000
country: Niger
countryCode: NE
locality: Niger Territories
ScientificName: Balanites aegyptiaca
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Delile
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Balanites
specificEpithet: aegyptiaca
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This is very probably B aegyptiaca.  B roxburghii is an Indian sp and the fruits compared with a specimen from Central Prov are much larger than those of aegyptiaca.  JHH Jan 9.05. Verified in Herb. 19.6.1958? JHH


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063551
modified: 2006-11-09 10:41:39.677000
locality: Tropical Africa
ScientificName: Balanites aegyptiaca
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Delile
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Balanites
specificEpithet: aegyptiaca
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Letter ref Lalob Nut 3. Aug, 1948, from D Traill, Imp Chem Ind, Nolill House, Stevenston, Ayrshire.  Dear sir, the nut enlcosed with your letter of 28 July is that of B aegyptiaca, a shrub or tree widespread in Africa.  The kernels contain about 40% of oil. Analyses have been carried out at the Imperial Institute in the past.  A good general account of the plant can be found in The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa, by JM Dalziel, pp 309 - 311


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063552
modified: 2007-10-05 12:06:49.220000
country: Mozambique
countryCode: MZ
locality: Mozambique
ScientificName: Balanites maughamii
scientificNameAuthorship: Sprague
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Balanites
specificEpithet: maughamii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  3 fruits sent 1, by Zagury & Co (Letter 500, 1912) 25 Oct 1912. 2 fruits sent by Francis Corne, Chairman of Guinea Traders Assoc, 11 & 12 Fenchurgh St, said to come from W Africa. Opuscular source:  Note from JaS to Mr Holland.  It seems impossible to name the B fruits without having corresponding herb specimens   The Port E African fruits, however possibly belong to the new species received from Consul Maugham and MT Dawe.  I have not had time to investigate it.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063554
modified: 2006-11-09 11:20:51.050000
locality: East Africa
identifiedBy: JaS
ScientificName: Balanites maughamii
scientificNameAuthorship: Sprague
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Balanites
specificEpithet: maughamii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Said to come from Portuguese East Africa.  Bought to Kew for name by Miss Jesson, 17 Oct 1912, for Mr Bolton.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063558
modified: 2006-11-09 11:26:59.647000
country: Nigeria
countryCode: NG
locality: Nigeria, Ibadan
ScientificName: Balanites wilsoniana
scientificNameAuthorship: Dawe & Sprague
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Balanites
specificEpithet: wilsoniana
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Letter from Roland Hardman to TA Russell, RBG Kew, 29 Jan 1965, Dear Mr Russell, Further to letter of 7 Jan I enclose herewith a few species  of B wilsoniana for Dr Howes.  1.  Nut; We received no complete fruits and only 5 nuts all without epicarp and fleshy mesocarp.  One was devoid of seed, two had seeds which rattled, and two did not rattle.  One of these non rattlers is enclosed and from its weight (26g) might well contain a fully developed seed. 2.  Leaflets with free rachis.  3.Piece of stem bark.  4.  Piece of root with our saw cut.  The material was received last week by surface mail from Ibadan and supplied by Onochie, as Director of Forest Research PM Bag No 5054 via correspondence with Mr DP Stanfield, ref G 464/615.  I believe it was collected from the Sapoba area of W Nigeria.  It is described in Keay, RWJ, Onochie, CFA, and Stanfield DP, Nigerian Trees Vol 1 Lagos 1960.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063568
modified: 2006-10-25 14:41:47.840000
country: Nigeria
countryCode: NG
locality: South Nigeria, Ondo
ScientificName: Lophira alata
scientificNameAuthorship: Banks ex C.F.Gaertn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Ochnaceae
genus: Lophira
specificEpithet: alata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  L.procera ? partially immature seeds obtained in Ondo District. Native name Ekki, large tree. 1911


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063580
modified: 2006-10-31 16:15:21.200000
ScientificName: Simaroubaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: DC.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Silk fabric made from the silk of the Japanese Silk Worm Attacus cynthia Drury., (Bombyx cynthia)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063589
modified: 2013-09-30 14:11:02.730000
ScientificName: Simaroubaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: DC.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Japanese raw silk from Attacus cynthia (Bombyx cynthia ?), of the finest quality ever seen in Japan


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063593
modified: 2006-11-08 09:41:21.723000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China
ScientificName: Simaroubaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: DC.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fabrics made from the silk of Ailanthus silk worm, Attacus cynthia (Bombyx cynthia). The grey is made in Szechuen, North China and the black in the capital of Honan


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063595
modified: 2016-12-15 12:34:57.423000
country: Jamaica
countryCode: JM
locality: Jamaica
ScientificName: Picraena excelsa
scientificNameAuthorship: (Sw.) Lindl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
genus: Picraena
specificEpithet: excelsa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  By filling this cup with water at night, a fine bitter draught is ready by the morning. The virtue continues for a long time. In display 'Kew in the city' at Wizadry in Wood, Carpenters' Hall, Trogmorton Avenue, London EC2N 2JJ, Oct 12-15, 2016 (curated collection of wooden objects and rare timbers from EBC)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063600
modified: 2005-05-31 17:03:35.263000
country: Indonesia
countryCode: ID
locality: Java
ScientificName: Brucea sumatrana
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
genus: Brucea
specificEpithet: sumatrana
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter dated Aug 19th 1876 to Prof Hooker.  Dear Sir, These are given to me by a Dutch Captain who bought them from Java. They are obtained from some species growing in that place. The natives call the plant Mu (?) or ..??.. the ??  maybe Tambara Maridja it is used for dysentery. If you will inform me of the botanical position of the Tambara Maridja, I shall so deem it a favour, it will be a favour. I am yours truely G Hassall Huntley, Howden Lodge, near Newcastle upon Tyne. Used in Java in dysentery.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063604
modified: 2010-06-29 14:54:04.070000
country: Paraguay
countryCode: PY
locality: Paraguay, Caaguagu District
ScientificName: Picraena vellozoi
scientificNameAuthorship: Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
genus: Picraena
specificEpithet: vellozoi
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  P. vellozii Engl. or very closely allied specimen. From the Caaguagu District of Paraguay, where it is esteemed a sovereign remedy for fever. See corresponding specimen in Herbarium.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063615
modified: 2007-08-29 10:19:45.727000
country: Indonesia
countryCode: ID
locality: Padang
ScientificName: Picrasma javanica
scientificNameAuthorship: Blume
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
genus: Picrasma
specificEpithet: javanica
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Exported from Padang. Amsterdam Market 1898. Compared with Herb specimen J.M.H. 3.2.99.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063618
country: Indonesia
countryCode: ID
locality: Java
ScientificName: Quassia indica
scientificNameAuthorship: (Gaertn.) Noot.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
genus: Quassia
specificEpithet: indica
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Bark from Java in natural state. Bundle of decorticated bark from India Museum 1880. India.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063630
modified: 2006-09-25 14:50:56.820000
locality: Gabon - Congo
ScientificName: Picrasma excelsa
scientificNameAuthorship: (Sw.) Planch.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
genus: Picrasma
specificEpithet: excelsa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Ecole superieure de Pharmacie de Montpellier.  Matiere Medicale, Histoire Naturelle.  1908.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063640
country: Gabon
countryCode: GA
locality: Gabon
ScientificName: Simaroubaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: DC.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Note inside with diagrams of plant and sections of fruit. Exposition des Colonies.  Fruit aphrodisiaque.  Jardin des Plantes, Paris


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063644
modified: 2006-08-23 10:06:03.183000
country: Singapore
countryCode: SG
locality: Singapore
ScientificName: Eurycoma longifolia
scientificNameAuthorship: Jack
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
genus: Eurycoma
specificEpithet: longifolia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Native drug used as a bitter. A very elegant little shrub with a slender stem and tuft of fern like leaves at the top.  The leaves can be rolled up into a ball and unrolled without breaking which phenomenon the Malays look upon as curious. This sp is exceptionally large.  It is the part used in medicine.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063665
modified: 2013-09-13 11:03:25.920000
country: Nigeria
countryCode: NG
locality: South Nigeria, Ibadan
ScientificName: Afraegle paniculata
scientificNameAuthorship: (Schumach. & Thonn.) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Afraegle
specificEpithet: paniculata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  See letter 166/1913. Swingle in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 1911, LVIII Memoire 8d,p.231 (1912) J.H.H. 3.IV.13.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063667
country: South Africa
countryCode: ZA
locality: Cape Colony
ScientificName: Agathosma
scientificNameAuthorship: Willd.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Agathosma
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  London Drug Market. Messers Bowyer & Bartleet 147 Fenchurch St. E.C. Drug Sale 24.10.07.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063672
modified: 2006-10-23 16:33:20.840000
country: South Africa
countryCode: ZA
locality: South Africa
ScientificName: Agathosma villosa
scientificNameAuthorship: (J.C.Wendl.) Willd.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Agathosma
specificEpithet: villosa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Aniseed Buchu. Under this name a bag of leaves weighing 12lbs was included in the last drug auction. They appear from examination to be the leaves of Agathosma villosa (Rutaceae) & are not known to be of any economic value. Agathosma virgata, a native of mountain slopes in Cape Colony , is used in the treatment of pulmonary complaints, & is known as Bok Buchu. JMST in Chemist & Druggist 8.2.08.p.240.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063676
modified: 2006-10-23 16:37:09.297000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: West India
ScientificName: Amyris balsamifera
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Amyris
specificEpithet: balsamifera
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Leipzig April 25th 1899, Schimmel & Co To John R Jackson, Museum Royal Gardens Kew; Dear Sir, We are in receipt of your favour dated 21st inst and have pleasure in informing you that, being quite ready to oblige you, we send you by parcel post a box No. 5784 containing a specimen of West Indian Sandal wood, which, we trust, will safely reach you. Yours Truly. Rec'd. ack'd by official thanks. IRJ ? 6/5/99. Section of wood rec'd. by post 28/4/99  Wrote acknowledging same and asking for sample of oil IRJ 1/5/99. 2. Dear Sir, We are in receipt of your favour dated 1st inst, and it gives us much pleasure to send you by sample post a specimen of West Indian Sandal Wood oil, of our own drawing, as requested. Yours Truly Karl Fritzsche ?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063686
modified: 2006-08-16 17:24:51.750000
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, New South Wales, Braidwood
ScientificName: Boronia rhomboidea
scientificNameAuthorship: Hook.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Boronia
specificEpithet: rhomboidea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This plant has for some time been used in the Southern portion of NSW to expel worms in horses.  It is chopped up and mixed with fodder.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063692
modified: 2006-09-22 15:21:46.310000
ScientificName: Casimiroa edulis
scientificNameAuthorship: La Llave
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Casimiroa
specificEpithet: edulis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The specimen was received at the museum some time ago, and no note was put with it as to source.  It is only recently the above name was found.  JHH 23.vii.32.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063700
modified: 2005-07-12 10:23:13.590000
ScientificName: Citrus × aurantiifolia
scientificNameAuthorship: (Christm.) Swingle
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Citrus
specificEpithet: × aurantiifolia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mexpectin RS 400, 044587, 20806, Sample for experimental use.  We make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, concerning the use of this product, 500g


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063722
modified: 2009-02-27 11:01:01.340000
locality: Tripoli
ScientificName: Citrus × aurantium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Citrus
specificEpithet: × aurantium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Reg. no. 22 May 1927 Usually recd. April & May From Tripoli. Ready sale about 1/3 per lb.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063725
modified: 2007-01-24 12:32:38.237000
country: Japan
countryCode: JP
locality: Japan
ScientificName: Citrus × aurantium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Citrus
specificEpithet: × aurantium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Kee-kock (45) Citrus fusca Lour. Syn. Chi-koh, Porter Smith, Chin. Mat. Med. p.66; Cay Baong, Chi xag, Chi ken, Lour. Fl. Cochinchinensis, p. 467. This drug consists of what appears to be fruits gathered when unripe, and then cut in half and dried. The rind is thick and externally of a dark or brownish black colour, internally whitish; the dried pulp is blackish. The taste is bitter and the odour very faintly that of orange. The drug is identical with that presented to the Museum of the Pharmaceutical Society by Dr Porter Smith under the name of Citrus fusca. The Japanese character is not, however absolutely ?? with the Chinese one given by Dr Porter Smith. The Japanese character translated 'Kee' and the Chinese 'Chi' , is identical, but the one translated 'Kock' is not identical in appearance, although Mr Takemura assures me it is identical in meaning with the Chinese character for 'Koh'. Loureiro, however, gives as a synonym 'Chi xac,' which more nearly approaches the Japanese name in sound. Thunberg (Fl. Jap..,p.294) gives the very similar name 'Kikikf' as a synonym of Citrus trifoliata, L. Citrus fusca is supposed by the Chinese to possess cooling, deobstruent and stomachic properties.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006376
recordNumber: 13179
modified: 2006-07-20 16:10:17.680000
recordedBy: Gillett JB
country: Kenya
countryCode: KE
locality: Kenya Northern Province
eventDate: 1952-01-01 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 00/00/1952
ScientificName: Erythrina melanacantha subsp. melanacantha
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Erythrina
specificEpithet: melanacantha
infraspecificEpithet: melanacantha
taxonRank: Subspecies
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Kenya-Ethiopia Boundary Commission 1952-53. Alt. 2500 ft. Red sandy loam. Tree 8m large corky knobs on stem with thorn at top. Flowers said to be large, red. Occasional here. Commoner on road to Moyale. Wood used to make head rests.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063780
ScientificName: Citrus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Citrus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Abnormal fruits of Citrus, part lemon and part orange, probably from a hybrid or graft hybrid.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063788
country: Jamaica
countryCode: JM
locality: Jamaica
ScientificName: Citrus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Citrus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fruit of a Hybrid citrus - apparently between the Tangerine and a form of the Sweet Orange, grown in Jamaica.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063792
country: Seychelles
countryCode: SC
locality: Seychelles
ScientificName: Citrus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Citrus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Orange de Pepe? awaiting flowers for identification. Dept of Agric Seychelles Recd 19.10.1933 See letter in Rutaceae.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063796
country: Thailand
countryCode: TH
locality: Thailand
ScientificName: Citrus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Citrus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Thai writing. Purchased by Museums staff in London W1. Imported by Pantipa Tirrell 90-92 Redcliffe Gdns. Earls Court, London S.W. 10 E I Trading Ltd P.O.Box 467 BKK Thailand.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063797
ScientificName: Citrus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Citrus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Citrus - half skin like a lemon - half like an orange. Received for name 22.Feb. 1934 J Whitehouse esq. 5 Crest Rd. Cricklewood. See letter (Copy in Rutace Citrus) in reply (195-1934 p. 320 in letter book) 27 Feb 1934.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063800
modified: 2006-05-19 12:22:05.373000
country: Japan
countryCode: JP
locality: South Japan, Sakurajima Volcano
ScientificName: Citrus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Citrus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Rev. A.C. Hutchinson, 48 Bushwood Rd, Kew. Picked up at the foot of the volcano Sakurajima in South Japan (Kyushyu) after the great eruption in Jan 1914. The orange groves were destroyed by a downward rush of incandescent gas from the crater and the trees uprooted and torn to matchwood.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063811
modified: 2006-05-22 15:19:22.260000
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil
ScientificName: Esenbeckia
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Esenbeckia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sent as jaborandi  (Letter 159 x p172) Possibly an Esenbeckia but the genus cannot be determined without further material, TAS 27.iv.16 April 28th 1916.  Wilson, Holgate & Co Ltd.  Acknowledge the receipt of their letter of the 25th inst.and in reply to say that the leaves from Parnahyba, Brazil, submitted for identification, cannot be determined in the absence of herb sps (leaves, flowers etc). True Jaborandi leaves are obtained from Pilocarpus microphyllus and Pilocarpus jaborandi chiefly, and the leaves sent for name do not appear to belong to either of these species, nor to any other species of Pilocarpus in the Kew Collection.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063815
modified: 2006-05-22 15:17:27.770000
country: Japan
countryCode: JP
locality: Japan
ScientificName: Plantae
kingdom: Plantae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fr et Sav vol i pp 71, 72;  Phonzon Zoufor vol lxx. fol ll. This drug consists of the pedicel and very young fruit of the plant.  The stalks are cylindrical, about one line in diameter, covered with down consisting of minute spreading hairs.   The fruits are reddish brown, deeply pitted with oil glands, varying in size from a swan shot to a small pea, and divided half way down into five segments.  The taste is decidedly rutaceous and pungent, although not exactly that of  rue.  The odour is very similar but less powerful.  Possible young fruits of E glauca Miq. are also used, since 'Koshiou you' is given as the Japanese name for the species in `Phonzon Zoufou, vol lxx fol 10. Boymia rutaecarpa is a handsome shrub, six to ten feet high,and frequently cultivated in the south of Japan for its beauty.  The flowers, which are dioecious, are produced in May and June.  By the Japanese doctors of the Chinese school this is considered to be a most valuable remedy, and is used as a purgative, emmenagogue, sudorific and stimulant, and, in fact, seems to possess  properties very similar to those accredited to  the common rue.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063820
country: Italy
countryCode: IT
locality: Sicily
ScientificName: Citrus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Citrus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Copper vessel, such as is used to export Essence of Lemon from Sicily.  This vessel contained about 12 lbs.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063821
modified: 2006-10-12 15:08:49.117000
country: Taiwan
countryCode: TW
locality: Formosa, Botel Tobago
ScientificName: Plantae
kingdom: Plantae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Cotton like substance developed naturally on roots and used for caulking boats, and as a stuffing. Botel-tobago Island (Kotsoho) about 36 miles east from the Southern part of Formosa soo 'On the root cotton, a fibrous cork tissue by S Kusano' Tokio Dec. 1911. According to Merrill the tree is common in the Philippine Islands extending from Mindoro Island to Batan Island in the Batanes group, the most northern part of the Philippines and very near to Botel. The most remarkable qualities by which the root cotton may be distinguished from other vegetable fibres, are ins unwettablity and less hygroscopy. This peculiar cotton has long been familiar to some of the natives and is used by them for certain purposes.  The natives of Botel tobago use it largely in boat building as a substance to caulk the seams.  In Mindoro Island it is used for stuffing pillows.  Notes extracted from On the Root Cotton, a Fibrous Cork Tissue by S Kusano.  Journ of the College of Agriculture, Imp Univ of Tokyo Vol IV No 1. 1911.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063822
modified: 2006-05-22 10:52:24.630000
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil
ScientificName: Cusparia macrophylla
scientificNameAuthorship: (J.C.Mikan) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Cusparia
specificEpithet: macrophylla
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Prepared to show the ready separation of the wood proper and the bast elements of the vascular bundles.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063829
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Jubbelpore
ScientificName: Feronia limonia
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Swingle
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Feronia
specificEpithet: limonia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  British India. Jubbelpur Central Prov. Exhibitor; Conservator of Forests N.C. No. 572 D.D. Cat.p.21


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063848
modified: 2005-05-03 17:02:18.863000
country: Indonesia
countryCode: ID
locality: Aru Islands, Sea Beach
ScientificName: Flindersia amboinensis
scientificNameAuthorship: Poir.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Flindersia
specificEpithet: amboinensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Remaining fruits were found under their respective trees in the forest Aru. Voy Challenger i.III. 296


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006385
modified: 2006-11-10 13:13:51.693000
country: Belize
countryCode: BZ
locality: Belize
ScientificName: Erythrina umbrosa
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Erythrina
specificEpithet: umbrosa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A fine hard wood, much used in house posts, and also as a shade tree for cacao, hence its name.  Height 40 to 50 ft, 15 to 20 ins diam.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063879
modified: 2006-06-12 17:01:56.847000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay
ScientificName: Peganum harmala
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Nitrariaceae
genus: Peganum
specificEpithet: harmala
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This drug, as found in the bazaar, consists of the seeds mixed with a few pedicels surmounted by the five-partite calyx and portions of the three celled, three furrowed capsule. The seeds are of a dullish greyish-brown colour, irregularly angular, and about one eigth of an inch long; they have a heavy narcotic odour when crushed, and a bitter taste. Examined under the microscope, the testa which is rough and squamous, maybe seen to consist of two rows of large honey combed cells, the wallsof which contain brown colouring matter. The kernel is greyish and when a section is placed in glycerine for examination it immediately develops a fine green fluorescence; it consists of two longish cotyledons surrounded by albumen; the cells of both appear granular. Some seed crushed and treated with water for a few minutes produced after filtering a pale yellow liquid with a marked green fluorescence; this was destroyed by alkalis and restored by acids. A further examination of the seeds was made by exhausting them with rectifyed benzene, spt. Rectificatus, and water acidulated with hydrochloric acid. The benzene solution was of a pale yellow colour and upon evaporation yielded a rich reddish brown oil having no very marked odour and a nauseous taste. The tincture made with rectified spirit was of a deep red like tinct. Lavendulae comp., very opaque and very fluorescent. Upon evaporation it yielded a soft extract of the colour of Dragons Blood and the odour of Cannabis indica. This, when exhausted, with water, gave a pale red solution with a green fluorescence, which, when treated with a solution of oxalate of ammonia, threw down the red colouring matter and became pale yellow but retained its fluorescence. The remained of the spirituous extract after complete exhaustion with water consisted of a soft resin of a deep carmine lake colour, having a heavy narcotic odour like the resin of Cannabis indica. The portion treated with acidulated water yielded a pale sherry coloured fluorescence solution, which upon evaporation gave a soft yellow extract, with an odour like honey; the greater part of this disolved in rectified spirit forming a yellow fluorescent solution; this, after filtration, is evaporated to a thin syrup, and upon cooling formed a dark browncrystalline mass, which was not further examined, as the alkaloids contained in the seeds have already been fully investigated. Vide Watts Dict. Article 'Harmaline'. In native works on Materia Medica Hurmala is described as an alterative and purifying medicine in Atrabilis, and also in diseases supposed to arise from cold humours such as palsy, lumbago etc ; it is also said to stimulate the sexual system both in the male and female increasing the flow of milk and menses in the latter. For administration a concentrated decoction is mixed with sweet oil and honey, or the crushed seeds are boiled in wine down to one fouth of the original bulk of the latter, and the mixture strained. Vide 'Makhzan ul adwiya', article 'Hurmal' Dr Pandurang Gopal, a medical graduate of the Bombay University has experimented with this drug. He informs me that the infusion or tincture acts as a stimulant emmenogogue, and produces slight intoxication like Cannabis indica. He gave the tincture in half a drachm doses to a female suffuring from amenorrhoea, and it had the effect of producing a free menstrual discharge; in five cases of dysmenorrhoea he has found it affective in restoring a free discharge, he further says that it is sometimes used by the native midwives to procure abortion. Dr Pandurang believes it has properties in common with ergot, savin and rue. The equal activity of watery and spirituous preparations may be explained by the fact that the red resinous colouring matter is a secondary product formed by the oxidation of the alkaloid hurmaline; it is only produced after a prolonged digestion of the seeds in spirit. Hurmal seed is imported from Persia, but the plant has been introduced into India by the Mahomentans, and in this presidency is to be found in abundance among the ruins of Beejapur. The Persian name is Sipand. When sprinkled upon buring coals it is supposed to avert malignant influence of the evil eye. Its medical properties are worthy of further investigation.  Dymock Pharm Journ.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063882
modified: 2013-04-12 14:55:16.283000
country: Montserrat
countryCode: MS
locality: Montserrat
ScientificName: Pilocarpus racemosus
scientificNameAuthorship: Vahl
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Pilocarpus
specificEpithet: racemosus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sample of the leaves (2 bags) sent from Bot Station Montserrat. Rec'd Sept 23 1908 sent for examination to Dr Jowett Chemical Works, Dartford Oct 16 1908 (See letters 196,346, 377-1908) Specimens of P. racemosus Vahl., received from Montserrat compared with type specimen in the British Museum by Mr Sprague 6.vi.08. See letter 196,1908 : iv p.41) The sample in this bottle is from consignment from Montserrat received Sept 23 1908 JHH Letter - Works and Laboratories Dartford Kent October 4th 1909. Dear Sir, I am in receipt of your letter of the 30th. ult.; we have obtained no further results from our examination of P. racemosus than to find that this particular sample yields 0.124 per cent of crystalline pilocarpine nitrate, a quantity insufficient to render the drug of any commercial value. No differences were found in the nature of the alkaloidal content, between this drug and specimens of Pilocarpus jaborandi and P.microphyllus. As however, it is known that the yield of alkaloid in leaves of some species may vary as much as from nil to 1 per cent of pilocapine, the examination of a single specimen of Pilocarpus racemosus can hardly be taken as evidence of a lower alkaloidal content than P. microphyllus, which is the species chiefly used. In  order to determine this point it would be necessary to examine a number of specimens of leaves before deciding whether it would be advisable to introduce another species. In any case we think it would be better to introduce Pilocarpus microphyllus ratherthan P. jaborandi. Yours faithfully HAD Jowett


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063891
modified: 2009-02-27 11:03:15.357000
country: Guadeloupe
countryCode: GP
locality: Guadeloupe, Pernambuco
identifiedBy: T.A.S.
ScientificName: Pilocarpus racemosus
scientificNameAuthorship: Vahl
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Pilocarpus
specificEpithet: racemosus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  2 Bales Jaborandi Leaves at per cwt. per La Plata, a Guadeloupe. Lying at St Johns Wharf. Dury Sale June 8th 1905.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006390
modified: 2010-01-12 11:36:32.033000
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil, Para
ScientificName: Erythrina
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Erythrina
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Not the same wood as the specimen of Ochwma Lagopus from Dominica, but probably the same as the specimen of ? Erythrina sp from Colombia (Messrs. Weale & Co.)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063920
modified: 2006-05-19 12:02:01.930000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China
ScientificName: Zanthoxylum alatum
scientificNameAuthorship: Wall.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Zanthoxylum
specificEpithet: alatum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Hamel & Horley 106 Fenchurch St. London E.C.3 See letter May 15 1928 in Rutaceae. Exactly similar fruits are shown on various species of Zanthoxylum including piperitum & alatum in the Herbarium and this may be either of the two J.H.H. 14.V.28. Sample of Chinese seed or fruit, the chinese name for which is 'Hwawyow' (translated 'Flower Essence') asking for name and to know of any purposes it is likely to be useful in this country J.H.H. 14.V.28.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063924
modified: 2006-05-19 12:09:25.837000
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, New South Wales
ScientificName: Zanthoxylum brachyacanthum
scientificNameAuthorship: F.Muell.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Zanthoxylum
specificEpithet: brachyacanthum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Scientific and Technical Department, Imperial Institute. Drugs. Report by Mr Boodle see over Letter 609.1912 VIII.p.15. Nos. 34939 and 44564 have the same type of structure as the bark of specimens named Zanthoxylum brachyacanthum. F. Muell. in the Museum at Kew, and they probably belong to this species or to some other species of Zanthoxylum.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063929
country: Japan
countryCode: JP
locality: Japan
ScientificName: Zanthoxylum piperitum
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) DC.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Zanthoxylum
specificEpithet: piperitum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Recd. from T.H. Shanghae 11 1856. Flying Dutchman. Compared in Herbarium and believed to be correct J.H.H. 14.V.28.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063932
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Zanthoxylum rhetsa
scientificNameAuthorship: (Roxb.) DC.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Zanthoxylum
specificEpithet: rhetsa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  'B' sample of so called 'Indian Pimento' See our letter 27.2.36. Gerald McDonald & Co Ltd. 9, Botolph Lane, London E.C.3


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006394
modified: 2019-02-25 12:40:59.667000
country: Colombia
countryCode: CO
locality: Colombia
ScientificName: Erythrina
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Erythrina
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source: Erythrina sp. Colombia 33.1904. Messrs Weale & Co. Opuscular source:  Letter attached  Notes updated 2019


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063940
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, New South Wales
ScientificName: Zanthoxylum brachyacanthum
scientificNameAuthorship: F.Muell.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Zanthoxylum
specificEpithet: brachyacanthum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  See our report by Mr Boodle (Letter 609.1912. XVIII p15) No 4073 - There appears to be no doubt that this bark has been obtained  from a diff plant - probably not Zanthoxylum. ?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063953
modified: 2006-07-20 17:13:16.107000
country: Sri Lanka
countryCode: LK
locality: Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura
identifiedBy: Balasubramanium Dr N
ScientificName: Micromelum ceylanicum
scientificNameAuthorship: Wight
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Micromelum
specificEpithet: ceylanicum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Bot.1:109 (1840) Illus. Fig.3-1 A. Wight, No 1836 : Trimen 1893, Vol1, p.219 Tanaka in J.Bot. 68:225 (1930) This specimen collected at Anuradhapura relief 100-500 ft ; annual average rainful 50-75 inches. Date of collection November 1975. Identified by Dr  N Balasubramanium, Dept of Bot University of Sri Lanka.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063954
modified: 2006-07-20 15:35:36.480000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Toddalia aculeata
scientificNameAuthorship: Pers.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Toddalia
specificEpithet: aculeata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Lewis and Peat 13.18... 'Cocculus indic us' @ Trieste lot 273, originally from Bombay Opuscular source:  RBG Kew Feb 13/53, Dear Sir, We have not got either the plant, seed or dye of Bottlera tinctoria, neither have we the fruit of Sapium indicum, in the Kew collection, but I do not think that the fruits which you sent me can be those of Sapium or any of the Euphorbiaceae which I believe all have albumen and your fruit is certainly exalbuminous.  I have shown the fruit to Dr Hooker and he says that it is most probably a Glycormis or some allied Marantiaceae. Mr McCulloch was not at home when I called the other day but I saw his assistant who gave me all the help in his power, and I have now received all the articles in my list except one on two things which they do not keep. Is 'Cabbage Tree Brk' the bark of Andira inermis? Butler has sent it as such but I cannot find it anywhere described under that name. Yours very truely Alex Smith


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063955
modified: 2006-07-20 16:13:07.500000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Zanthoxylum budrunga
scientificNameAuthorship: (Roxb.) DC.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Zanthoxylum
specificEpithet: budrunga
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fruits of Fagara budrunga Roxb. or of F. rhetsa Roxb. from Bombay 1873. The Fagara of aricenna as fig. by Clusines in his Edn of Garcia d`orta of 1574 Compared with specimens in Herb Kew 29.vii.1873. The fruits accord with those of either species. DH Also packet of fruits from Inter Exhib 1862 Indian Dept. - Kavate South Canara Madras


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063956
modified: 2006-07-20 15:57:25.217000
country: Sri Lanka
countryCode: LK
locality: Sri Lanka, Trincomalee, Nilaveli
ScientificName: Murraya glenieii
scientificNameAuthorship: Thwaites ex Oliv.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Murraya
specificEpithet: glenieii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Murraya gleniei Thwaites ex Oliver in Jour Linn Soc Bot, 5, Suppl., 2:29 (1861), plate XXII Thwaites, No 3627. This specimen collected at Nilaveli  near Trincomalee (relief less than 100 ft; annual average rainfall 50-75 inches) Collected in 1875 Identified by Dr N Balasubramanium, Dept of Bot University of Sri Lanka.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063960
modified: 2006-05-18 11:21:10.703000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Paramignya monophylla
scientificNameAuthorship: Wight
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Paramignya
specificEpithet: monophylla
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This scandent, prickly shrub bears a pulpy four celled fruit, the size of a small apple. The root is medicinal, it is long and woody. The pieces selected for use are about as thick as the finger, and covered with a somewhat scabrous brown bark which has a bitter saltish taste. If allowed to remain for some time in the mouth, the salt taste becomes much more decided. Sections of the bark placed under a microscope show from 10 to 12 rings, composed of bundles of liber cells closely set and encased in an armour of crystalline cubes, which from the taste of the bark are doubtless chloride of sodium. A somewhat similar arrangment of cubes may be seen in several other barks but in none of those which I have examined is nearly so marked as in this. Karwa Wagutty is considered to have alterative properties, which must not be confounded with Wagutty (Caparis brevispina).


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063971
modified: 2006-06-12 15:38:25.390000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Murraya koenigii
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Spreng.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Murraya
specificEpithet: koenigii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The bark and leaves are mentioned in the Indian Pharmacopoeia. The leaves are in common use, but more as a condiment of curries than in medicine ; they enter into the composition of curries and green chutnies. The leaves are pinnate, the leaflets 19 to 21, 1 1/4 inch to 2 inches long, alternate, unequally oblique at the base, irregularly ovate, serrated, pubescent, upper suface dark green dotted, under surface a lighter colour, vienation reticulate prominent, petioles red, odour powerful penetrating, and peculiar taste, moderately pungent bitter and acidulous. The bark has the same taste and odour as the leaves; the thin walled cells of the paraenchyma contains minute oil globules.  The leaves of M.exotica, a small evergreen shrub, with large white sweet smelling flowers, smell like box leaves and have a very pungent taste. they have from 5 to 8 elliptic ovate tapering leaflets, acute at the base shining coriaceous and dotted with prominent venations. The bark of this shrub is insipid but its paraenchyma abounds in oil globules.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063976
modified: 2005-04-19 16:05:43.063000
country: Mauritius
countryCode: MU
locality: Mauritius, Botanic Gardens
ScientificName: Toddalia aculeata
scientificNameAuthorship: Pers.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Toddalia
specificEpithet: aculeata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The root bark of Toddalia aculeata. Persoon. Bitter tonic and stomachic. Contains a resin a bitter principle, and a volatile oil, having a cinnamon and mellissa like odour. An equivalent of Cusparia bark.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000063981
modified: 2006-05-22 14:49:31.357000
locality: Dongola
ScientificName: Ruta tuberculata
scientificNameAuthorship: Forssk.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Ruta
specificEpithet: tuberculata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Twigs, leaves & flowers. Name in foreign language. ? is boiled in ? water, strained & taken as one dose. This seems the same as 4 but an old Egyptian Dr (here ? before the Mahduca) says there is some difference.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006399
modified: 2006-06-12 15:41:23.593000
country: Mexico
countryCode: MX
locality: Mexico
ScientificName: Eysenhardtia amorphoides
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Eysenhardtia
specificEpithet: amorphoides
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  1. Specimens to illustrate the wood Lignum nephriticum, and the Fluorescenceof its Infusion.  L.n. is the wood of 'Coatli', a small leguminous Mexican tree.  An infusion of the wood was used medicinally by the Aztecs.  Soon after the conquest of Mexico the Spaniards brought the wood to Europe, where it was used for similar purposes, and excited remark owing to the blue fluorescence of the watery infusion of the wood.  The phenomenon was first described more fully by Athanasius Kircher, 1646, and J. Bauhin, 1651, who used cups made of the wood.  It was carefullly studied by Boyle, 1664.  During the next century the wood itself was lost sight of, its origin remained unknown till quite recently. Plukenet, 1696, suggested and Dale and Linnaeusstates that it was the wood of the Horse radish tree, which is however a native of the old world.  Another source that has been suggested is Pithecolobium Unguis- Cati, a native of the West Indies. (In charge of Dr. O. Stapf, FRS)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064012
modified: 2006-08-08 16:20:45.807000
country: Japan
countryCode: JP
locality: Japan, Hokai
ScientificName: Zanthoxylum bungei
scientificNameAuthorship: Planch.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Zanthoxylum
specificEpithet: bungei
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fruits with 3 pots 1. Royal Army Med College 1907. 2. Z bungii, Chuen tsiau, Royal Army Med Coll 1908 3. 492, FP Smith.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064013
modified: 2005-04-19 17:00:52.250000
country: Mauritius
countryCode: MU
locality: Mauritius, Sierra Leone, Java, Great Britain
ScientificName: Toddalia lanceolata
scientificNameAuthorship: Lam.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Toddalia
specificEpithet: lanceolata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  6 items. 1. Wood or root of Zanthoxylum, Java 2. No 1. Toddalia lanceolata (uncult) Mauritius 1869, Mr Horne. 3. Fresh bark very bitter with pungency like pyrethrum. Roots of Z bungei from garden, Clapham Common, 1873. 4. Zanthoxylum alatum DC, from garden, C Common, 1874. 5. No 3 Toddalia aculeata var. Mauritius, Mr Horne 1869. 6. Is it not Radix lopeziana.? A medicinal root from Sierra Leone from Rev H Venn.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064021
modified: 2012-05-11 10:40:57.350000
country: Sri Lanka
countryCode: LK
locality: Sri Lanka, Trincomalee, China Bay
ScientificName: Paramignya monophylla
scientificNameAuthorship: Wight
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Paramignya
specificEpithet: monophylla
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Illustr. i. 109 t.42. Identified y Prof MUS Sultanbawa and Dr N Balasubramaniam, (Univ Sri Lanka)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064038
modified: 2019-01-24 16:15:49.273000
country: Colombia
countryCode: CO
locality: Locality revised 2019
ScientificName: Zanthoxylum ochroxylum
scientificNameAuthorship: DC.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Zanthoxylum
specificEpithet: ochroxylum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Prodr I. 725. Bark of Z ochroxylum and Z rigidum ? HBK. See Triana & Planchon, Ann. Si XIV (1872) 314 Rich in berberine RB White Accepted name (2019): Z.schreberi (J.F.Gmel.) Reynel ex C.Nelson


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064039
modified: 2006-08-03 15:50:56.853000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Toddalia aculeata
scientificNameAuthorship: Pers.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Toddalia
specificEpithet: aculeata
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Letter from Bidie to Director;  I have much pleasure in forwarding for Mr Hanbury the root of T aculeata.  The plant from which the root was taken agrees in every particular with the descrip no 479 of T aculeata in Wight and Arns ' Prodramus' and is a v diff sp from that figured  in Wights Illustrations of T. aculeata.  Leaflets, flower and fruit are much smaller than those of T floribunda. Roxburgh in the Flor Ind vo 4. I pp 617 gives a most admirable description of the plant, and notices its employment by the Telengu physicians in cures of Hill fever.   He says every part is strongly stimulating and could be a valuable medicine.  The root bark is very bitter and extremely ungent to the taste.  It is a plant deserving careful attention as its medicinal properties have never been thoroughly ascertained - Its native names are Molakarurnay (Tamil) and Kondah kasinda (Telq).  The Telugu name is given on the authority of Roxburgh, but in the Flora Andhrica of Walter Elliott it is stated that the same name is applied to  Cassia lophora.  I may here state that any other info or sps that I can supply will be gladly given.  Geo Bidie, Asst Surgeon, Mysore Farm, Hoonsoor, Feb 1862.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064040
ScientificName: Toddalia aculeata
scientificNameAuthorship: Pers.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Toddalia
specificEpithet: aculeata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Racine de Jean Lopez, Guib Hist des Drog J ii p.529 Radiz Lopez (Reddi) vera, Lignum Lopez Rariffimum, Mr Daniel Hanbury from Dr Martius 1852


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064046
modified: 2006-08-01 17:18:23.680000
country: Sri Lanka
countryCode: LK
locality: Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura
identifiedBy: Balasubramanium Dr N
ScientificName: Glycosmis bilocularis
scientificNameAuthorship: Thwaites
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Glycosmis
specificEpithet: bilocularis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Herbarium sheet from the Anurashapura specimen No J.678 Thw. Enum. Cey. Pl.45; Oliv in Jour.Linn. Soc. V., Supplt., 38; Hk.f.in Fl. Br.Ind.I:500; C.P.3362 Trimen (1893,Vol 1, p.218); Tanaka in J.Bot.68:225 (1930); Wight No.1893. This specimen collected at Anuradhapura (relief 100-500 ft; annual average rainfall 50-75 inches) Date of collection August 1976. Identified by Dr N Balasubramanium, Dept of Botany University of Sri Lanka. Specimen from Dr IH Bowen Sunderland Polytechnic  Feb1978.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064047
modified: 2006-08-01 17:11:56.007000
country: Paraguay
countryCode: PY
locality: Paraguay
ScientificName: Pilocarpus pennatifolius
scientificNameAuthorship: Lem.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Pilocarpus
specificEpithet: pennatifolius
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter - 4 Frisbury Street EC, EM Holmes Esq, Dear Sir, Your esteemed favour of yesterday I have duly received and beg to say I should have much pleasure in attending the evening meeting on Wednesday - but I would feel obliged if you wouldnot call on me about the Jaborandi bark as I do not know much about it. I will here give you the information I have and perhaps you can supplement my deficiency of knowledge and data. It is the bark of P. sellonanos the difference between this and P. pinnatifolius is very slight or inappreciable and comes from Heigh Paraguay it yields true Pilocarpine as do also the leaves from Jaborandi from Paraguay. Large quantities have been imported here and are used by manufactures of Pilocarpine. The Jaborandi (Coutinhos ?) imported from North Brazil comes in smaller quantities. Some makers of Pilocarpine say that it contains a larger proportion of Pilocarpine than the Paraguay sort - but there is a difference of opinion on this point - the difference in yield of alkaloid I believe is dur to difference in working - I cannot guarantee that these facts are correct. Yours WB Cranwell. Sellonanus - I am in doubt about this word - perhaps you may see it described properly in Parodi`s Flora del Paraguay. I have this work in complete. I will procure the flowers of this plant for you with pleasure.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064053
modified: 2006-08-08 15:56:31.990000
ScientificName: Esenbeckia
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Esenbeckia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter from D Hanbury to JE Howard - Plough Court, Lombard Street 10.3.1854 - My dear friend, I will obtain from Jacob Bell, if I can, the other numbers of the repertoire. There should not be the slightest difficulty in the return of any specimens sent to the Pharm Soc for exhibition and I must say, I scarcely ever found any when I had given distinct instructions that any contribution of mine should be sent back. The name proposed for the Rutaecous tree whose bark has been examined is E.cymosa of Bentham - but no botanical description must be published until we hear from Germany that none has been or is being published there. Uricoechea shall be well impressed I assure thee. Believe me thine sincerely Dan Hanbury.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006406
country: Algeria
countryCode: DZ
locality: Algeria
ScientificName: Genista duriaei
scientificNameAuthorship: Spach
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Genista
specificEpithet: duriaei
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  'Retama duriaei var phaeocalyx  (Auth unreadable) Dunes intra arta Tatani et el Bird Sidi cheikh 19 mai 1856. Recieved 24 Jan 1857 - specimens from Algeria (4 other pieces) by purchase 25 fr.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064063
modified: 2006-07-27 14:31:58.043000
ScientificName: Diosma succulenta
scientificNameAuthorship: P.J.Bergius
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Diosma
specificEpithet: succulenta
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Carpels 5 distinct to base not gland lipped ? horned style gyno?? Style obtuse see diagram. Calyx teeth ovate lanceplate petals & calyx tube angular. Stamens with small white globular gland discoid stamens ?? opposite petals glabrous, globular and gland lipped. Leaves ? spirally. Note is illegible. See specimen.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064095
modified: 2006-08-08 15:47:23.073000
country: Sri Lanka
countryCode: LK
locality: Sri Lanka
identifiedBy: Sultanbawa & Balasubramaniam
ScientificName: Atalantia ceylanica
scientificNameAuthorship: (Arn.) Oliv.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Atalantia
specificEpithet: ceylanica
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  J. Linn. Soc. V. Suppl. (ii) (1861). 25. Collected in Ceylon and identified by Prof MUS Sultanbawa and Dr N Balasubramaniam (Univ of Sri Lanka)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064097
modified: 2006-08-08 15:48:46.303000
country: South Africa
countryCode: ZA
locality: South Africa, Calidon, Hermanus Peters Fontein divis, Farm - Onrust River
ScientificName: Agathosma imbricata
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Willd.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Agathosma
specificEpithet: imbricata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Properties, promotes perspiration, cures chronic rheumatism, gout, cholera ba morbus , diseases of the bladder, haematuria, calculus and suppuration of the vessica, ureha and prostrate gland and indigestion, vide Dr Pappes Florae Capensia Medicae page 8


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064099
modified: 2006-08-08 15:47:00.760000
country: Japan
countryCode: JP
locality: Japan
ScientificName: Plantae
kingdom: Plantae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fr et Sav vol i pp 71 & 72 Phonzou Zoufou vol lxx fol ll This drug consists of the pedicels and very young fruits of the plant.  The stalks are cylindrical about one line in diam covered with down consisting of minute spreading hairs.  Thefruits are reddish brown, deeply pitted with oil glands, verying in size from a swan shot to a small pea, and divided half way down into five segments.  The taste is decidedly rutaceous and pungent, although not exactly that of rue.  The odour is very similar but less powerful. Possibly the young fruits of E glauca Miq. are also used, since koshiou you is given as the Jap name for this sp in Phonzou Zoufou vol lxx, fol. 10. Boymia rutaecarpa is a handsome shrub 6 to 10 feet high, and cult in S of Japan for beauty.   Flowers dioecious from May and June.  Drug is thought a valuable remedy used as purgative, emmenagogue, sudorific and stimulant and possesses properties thought similar to common rue.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064129
ScientificName: Barosma eckloniana
scientificNameAuthorship: Bartl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Barosma
specificEpithet: eckloniana
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Buchu leaves, Lewis & Peat & also D Gray & Sons 8.i.1873 Approaches Barosma pulchella and B.latifolia - both of which however have smaller leaves and those of B.latifolia pubescent. Vide Pereira Ebm. Jm.m.II 1912 DH. Compared with specimens at Kew & Brit Mus 11& 13.i.1873 DH.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064134
country: Peru
countryCode: PE
locality: Peru
ScientificName: Esenbeckia
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Esenbeckia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Two samples  1. Sample from AJ de Warszewiez with the plant which G Bentham described and named.  2. Sample from In. Eliot Howard 1. 1853  2. 1854


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064135
modified: 2005-07-04 16:13:36.917000
country: South Africa
countryCode: ZA
locality: Cape of Good Hope, Plumstead
ScientificName: Diosma vulgaris
scientificNameAuthorship: Schltdl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Diosma
specificEpithet: vulgaris
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Abundant at Plumstead, Cape of Good Hope. The buchu of commerce grows at Caledon some 40 to 50 miles distant from W Penney 1851


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064154
modified: 2012-06-06 16:55:30.050000
ScientificName: Barosma betulina
scientificNameAuthorship: (P.J.Bergius) Bartl. & H.L.Wendl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Barosma
specificEpithet: betulina
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Small tube in jar 'Buchu Leaves, from National Bot Gardens Kirstenbosch, Cape Town. March 25th 1924.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064198
locality: New Lebanon
ScientificName: Geranium
scientificNameAuthorship: Tourn. ex L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Geranium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Prepared in ? at the Laboratory of the United Society D.M. Shaker village, New Lebanon.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064200
modified: 2006-04-20 15:29:28.020000
locality: County Cork
ScientificName: Citrus × aurantium var. sinensis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Citrus
specificEpithet: × aurantium
infraspecificEpithet: sinensis
taxonRank: VARIETY
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fruit of hybrid between Citrus aurantium var sinensis and Citrus trifoliata known as Citrange.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064204
modified: 2010-03-23 12:45:47.607000
ScientificName: Geranium pratense
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Geranium
specificEpithet: pratense
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mr Harrison, The attached sample has been identified as cranesbill, Geranium sp. probably pratense. M Y Stand?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064205
modified: 2006-04-20 16:04:44.537000
country: South Africa
countryCode: ZA
locality: Cape of Good Hope
ScientificName: Pelargonium cucullatum
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) L'Hér.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Pelargonium
specificEpithet: cucullatum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A decoction of the herb has been recommended in colic, nephritis & c. it is an excellent emollient. Label source:  This fine species, which is very common along the side of Table Mountain, has been recommended in the form of decoction, or as an enema, in colic, nephritis and suppression of urine, and is also an excellent emollient. It appears, that formerly this herb has been exported to Holland, under the name of Herba Altheae.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064208
locality: Namaqualand
ScientificName: Pelargonium antidysentericum
scientificNameAuthorship: Kostel.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Pelargonium
specificEpithet: antidysentericum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This plant, which is indigenous in Namaqualand, has tuberous roots which often obtain the size of a mans head, and are called 'T`namie' by the Aborigines, who boil them in milk, and make use of them in dysentry.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064213
modified: 2006-05-10 14:31:30.530000
country: South Africa
countryCode: ZA
locality: South Africa
identifiedBy: JMST (Herb)
ScientificName: Monsonia ovata
scientificNameAuthorship: Cav.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Monsonia
specificEpithet: ovata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Great Exhibition 1851 280.1851 This label was attached to an old specimen withdrawn July 1907 J MST.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064216
country: Namibia
locality: South West Africa, Namib
ScientificName: Monsonia umbellata
scientificNameAuthorship: Harv.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Monsonia
specificEpithet: umbellata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Stored by ants in their nests in the Namib desert; these are sometimes robbed by natives & the seeds eaten.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064218
country: South Africa
countryCode: ZA
locality: South Africa
ScientificName: Monsonia ovata
scientificNameAuthorship: Cav.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Monsonia
specificEpithet: ovata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  3. (See letter 116.1906 copy). Monsonia ovata or biflora W.B. H. See Pappe Fl. Cap. Med. Prod. ed. 1.p.3. and Wood, Natal P.? vol 1.p.78.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064223
modified: 2007-06-25 15:39:05.010000
locality: Namaqualand
ScientificName: Sarcocaulon burmanni
scientificNameAuthorship: (DC.) Sweet
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Sarcocaulon
specificEpithet: burmanni
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The curiosity of this is that when Sarcocaulon begins to sprout up in spring the bucks browse on it and then tears of resin exude and harden to the density of shellac.  When the plant dies out, the central pith decays right away, the thin external bark scales off and there is left a cast so to speak of the plant stem in resin.  Some Johnnie up there in Namaqualand with little to do has caught sight of this and proposes to make French polish or let us say Namaqua Polish of it.  Extracted from letter from P MacOwan to Director dated Cape Town 25.1.99


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064224
modified: 2006-04-18 15:11:33.587000
locality: East Africa
ScientificName: Sarcocaulon
scientificNameAuthorship: (DC.) Sweet
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Sarcocaulon
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Imported from E Africa or Madagascar.  Probably S burmanii JMH 04.03.1913/ Opuscular source:  Letter from Editor, Chemist and Druggist, Cannon St London. to J Masters Hillier, The Museum, Kew.  Dated Feb 7 1913.  Dear sir, I send you a spof bark which is believed to come from E Africa or Madagascar.  Do you know what it is or if it is of commercial value?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064226
modified: 2010-07-02 13:06:13.857000
locality: Cape
ScientificName: Sarcocaulon burmanni
scientificNameAuthorship: (DC.) Sweet
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Sarcocaulon
specificEpithet: burmanni
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A syrup prepared from the plant is used to stop severe  diarrhoea and stomach disorders.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064233
modified: 2006-05-04 16:27:18.563000
country: South Africa
countryCode: ZA
locality: South Africa, Hermanus Peters Fontein division Caledon, Farm 'Onrust River'
ScientificName: Pelargonium anceps
scientificNameAuthorship: DC.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Pelargonium
specificEpithet: anceps
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Exhibit no 1. Grown at Exhibitors Farm.  Cures suppression of the Catamenia, promotes parturition and abortion, cures consumption.  Vide - Pappes Florae Capensis Medica Prodromus. Page 5 = no 12.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064238
modified: 2006-01-23 13:48:11.767000
country: South Africa
countryCode: ZA
locality: Cape of Good Hope
ScientificName: Pelargonium reniforme
scientificNameAuthorship: (Andrews) Curtis
kingdom: Plantae
family: Geraniaceae
genus: Pelargonium
specificEpithet: reniforme
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A wild geranium with a pink flower. The root is a certain cure for dysentery. Very astringent.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064248
modified: 2006-04-21 10:26:30.047000
locality: South America
ScientificName: Byrsonima
scientificNameAuthorship: Rich. ex Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malpighiaceae
genus: Byrsonima
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Various woods of Byrsonima, Corter Paratado etc. Sipo Veronica No. 17 From H W Bates, Santaren (Amazon) with leaves of the plant. Decoction of the bark used in the cure of wounds see NB 3/94 ? Recd. III 1853.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064250
recordedBy: Wallis Dr TE
locality: Mill Hill
eventDate: 1948-10-28 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 28/10/1948
ScientificName: Ailanthus altissima
scientificNameAuthorship: (Mill.) Swingle
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
genus: Ailanthus
specificEpithet: altissima
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Leaves ; air and oven dried and broken up. Dried in Museum Workroom up to Nov. 9th 1948. SAG 4/X/1984.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064253
modified: 2006-05-09 15:37:25.937000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Boswellia serrata
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Boswellia
specificEpithet: serrata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  (43) Boswellia serrata; Indian Olibanum - the gum is refrigerant, diuretic, emmenagogue and ecbolic, and is useful in doses of 5-40 grs. in amenorroea, dysmenorrhoea, gonorrhoea, ringworm and apthae. There is a good deal of use of the gum-resin as an incense in religious ceremonies.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064261
country: Jamaica
countryCode: JM
locality: Jamaica
ScientificName: Picramnia antidesma
scientificNameAuthorship: Sw.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Picramniaceae
genus: Picramnia
specificEpithet: antidesma
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Tube of bark; From Parke Davis & Co. Manufacturing Chemists Beak Stree Reagent Street London W1


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064263
modified: 2006-04-19 16:51:27.680000
ScientificName: Simarouba amara
scientificNameAuthorship: Aubl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
genus: Simarouba
specificEpithet: amara
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Bark from old stems and showing longitudenal splits probably due to preliminary beating.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064270
modified: 2006-05-04 15:59:39.217000
country: Malaysia
countryCode: MY
locality: Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Fraser`s Hill, Kepong, Ampang Forest
identifiedBy: Stone BC, Kochummen KM
ScientificName: Zanthoxylum myriacanthum
scientificNameAuthorship: Wall. ex Hook.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rutaceae
genus: Zanthoxylum
specificEpithet: myriacanthum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sub fam: Rutoideae, Tribe: Xanthoxyleae, Sub-tribe: Evodiinae (Engler`s Classification) Identified by BC Stone, University of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and KM Kochummen, Forest Research Inst Kepong, Malaysia


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064274
modified: 2006-05-04 16:10:30.203000
country: Haiti
countryCode: HT
locality: Haiti, Port au Prince
ScientificName: Guaiacum officinale
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Guaiacum
specificEpithet: officinale
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Note dated 3rd Nov 1920 - Dear Prof Greenish: under separate cover Regis ..?.., I have sent off to you some specimens of Guaiacum tears, seeds etc, personally collected on my property; in fact if it was  possible I would readily send you atree! I have noted that the tree produces tears varying in size from a small pea to a ...?.... seeds, others are long resinous ....?.... that have dried on the outer surface. Of course the ordinary lump resin is obtained as usual by heating the logs and its collection in earthernware vessels. I had occasion to note as if the trees naturally omited resinous tears may by the high temperature of the suns heat it causes the wood of the trees to transpire these tears as the trees also may have been punctured or damaged by certain birds, and  as aforesaid the sound heat causes the resin to flow out and is dried on the outer surface. In case you should desire any further info please let me know as being entirely at your services here with my best wishes and greeting beforehand for Christmas very truely Nelvil St Cyr


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064277
modified: 2006-05-08 14:27:54.397000
country: Jamaica
countryCode: JM
locality: Jamaica
ScientificName: Picrasma excelsa
scientificNameAuthorship: (Sw.) Planch.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
genus: Picrasma
specificEpithet: excelsa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Quassia berries Jamaica 1858 Bundle of young Quassia bark from HG Roberts, 1.1855 from Jamaica - Bitter wood bark Main sample of bark stripped from the wood in London.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064278
modified: 2006-05-04 16:07:30.143000
country: United States
countryCode: US
locality: USA & Mexico
ScientificName: Castela nicholsonii
scientificNameAuthorship: Hook.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Simaroubaceae
genus: Castela
specificEpithet: nicholsonii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Chaparro Amargoso is a small thorny shrub that grows abundantly in SW Texas and Mexico on acrid, calcareous soil, on mesquite or post oak land and on small rocky hills. Thus far no active principle has been isolated or described other thanan amorophous substance that was isolated many years ago and called 'amargosin' by the father of JL Putegnat mention of which is made by the latter in an article appearing in 'New Remedies' 1883 Vol 12 page 102. 'Amargosin' was in an amorphous form, intensely bitter, and was obtained by treating the trendrils and other parts of the shrub with boiling water. All parts of this shrub, the bark, leaves, flowers and fruit have the characteristic bitter taste and presumably therefore contain some of the medicinal principle of Chaparro. Dr JW Nixon of Wrightboro, Texas, was so far as we can learn, the first American physicician to call attention to Chaparro. His attention was directed to it by a Mexican layman who told him that this shrub was used largely as a decoction in various bowel affections, among them chronic dysentery. It was at Dr Nixon's suggestion that we made a series of lab. experiments and produced a solid extract, using 50% alcohol for extraction in both cases. Both of these preparations are quite stable, and from the many favorable clinical reports received it is fair to assume that the active principle or principles are present in unchanged condition.  Some really remarkable clinical reports have come to us from physicians, chiefly in the south-western section of the United States who have successfully treated cases of that persistant type of amoebic dysentery which rarely yields to any form of medication or dietetics. In 1914 Dr P I Nixon of San Antonio Texas revived considerable professionalinterest in Chaparro and in his article appearing in the Journal of the AMA from May 16th 1914 p. 1530, he reports on 10 cases of amoebic dysentery. These cases varied from 3 weeks to 4 years standing. Dr Nixon reports these cases as having been completely cured by the administration of Chaparro. In only one case was there a re-occurrence, and in no case were liver abscesses or other complications as sequelae. In the average case it required less than two days for stools to become normal.In a later article (JAMA March 25th 1919 p. 946) Dr Nixon reports that in none of the nine cases above referred to was there a reoccurrence of the dysentery; the the somewhat negative results in one case was undoubtly due to irregular administrationof the drug. In the same article he describes another case of amoebic dysentery in which emetine hydrochloride of unquestioned quality has been given hypodermically without benefit; he then administered chaparro and his results while slowly developingwere quite satisfactory. Further data confirmative of the apparent specific action of Chapparro anargoso in amoebic dysertery have appeared in current medical literature; for details see Dr Nixons article in the Journal of Tropical Diseases and Preventative Medicine 1915 ; II 572;also British Medical Journal Nov 13th 1919 Dr Low`s article on p. 714 and the exhaustive study of the treatment of amoebic dysertery by AW Sellards and MA McIvor of the Harvard School of Tropical Medicine and Mass Gen. Hospital in the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Medicine Vol XXIV p. 331. Briefly summarised Chapparro seems to have a selective amoebicidal action on the amoeba coli. The presence of this organism is probably the causitive factor in the productionof acute and chronic dysentery and of subsequent hepatic abscesses. In the motile state these organisms are very susceptable to the action of the drug, however, the tendancy of amoeba coli to encyst in the tissue would account for the variation in time required to produce normal stools. Suggested dossage - fluid extract 15 minims to 2 fluid drachms; solid extract 3 to 5 gms to be repeated pro re nata. The toxic dose of Chapparro if there be any has not yet been determined.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064281
modified: 2006-04-19 16:56:01.260000
ScientificName: Bursera acuminata
scientificNameAuthorship: Willd.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Bursera
specificEpithet: acuminata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Small jar; A J de Warszewiez by whom this specimen was obtained, states that this resinous substance is used by the Indians of Central America against all rheumatic complaints, as well as against pains in the stomach. V. 1851 D.H. Label source:  Gum Caranna? Closely agrees with Guibourts description of 'Resine Caragne B' which he supposes a fictitious sort - vide Hist des Drogues Ed. 1850 ? iii p. 488. This specimen was presented to me by A B Hill as Tacamahac 1851. Dr Julius Martiny concurred with me in considering this as a species of Caranna Resin ix/18 1851. D.H.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064282
modified: 2006-04-20 15:04:07.553000
country: Philippines
countryCode: PH
locality: Manilla ?
ScientificName: Bursera excelsa
scientificNameAuthorship: (Kunth) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Bursera
specificEpithet: excelsa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Identified by Prof Guibourt as his Tacamaque jaune huileuse B., described in his Hist. des Drog. Tome 3. p. 484 Ed. 1850. Resin offered as 'Gum Elemi' at the sale of the stock of Hancock & Co. wholesale Druggists, Earl Street Finsbury, 7 ms 16.1850. Some of this resin was offered at public sale 12th Feb 1852 by Ellis and Hale. It was among several lots of Copal and included under that name in the catalogue but the man in the sale room called it Elemi. Cadiz was given as the place whence imported. I have a sample of it. From Manilla? D.H. Label source:  Glass tube; Tacamaque jaune huilense A. Guibourt Hist. des Drogues III (1850) M 483.484 - authentic specimen rec from M Gustave Blanchon 15/i 1874. (=Resin of Boswellia frereana Birdw.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064285
modified: 2006-04-20 14:57:15.380000
country: Madagascar
countryCode: MG
locality: Madagascar
ScientificName: Canarium colophania
scientificNameAuthorship: Baker
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Canarium
specificEpithet: colophania
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Ramy - This oleoresin has the odour of elemi and is probably the produce of Canarium colophania, Baker (Fl. Mauritius, p.44) , from which an oleo, resin is obtained in Mauritius and employed in the form of plaster as a detersive. It corresponds in appearance with the Mauritius elemi in the Hanbury collection of materia medica, both in giving no colouration with bromine water and in leaving crystals after solution in cold alcohol.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064291
modified: 2006-05-09 17:11:44.803000
ScientificName: Commiphora myrrha
scientificNameAuthorship: (T.Nees) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: myrrha
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Box; Myrrh From Hadhramit? Procured at Aden by H Idebrandt. 1879. Packet; 'Mor' of the Somal procured at Aden 1881 (market) by (Illegible name.) Packet; 1122 Commiphora abysinica var simplicrfolia ? ?? 1889. Packet; 525 piece of bark afterComm. abysinica simplicrfolia ? in the dry season. Packet; Myrh procured from the merchant Hodeidah (Yemen) exported from Hadeialah I Schweinfurth 1889.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064297
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Boswellia
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb. ex Colebr.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Boswellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Round yellow box: Tacamahaca occidentalis Boswellia. Tacamahaca orientalis. Blue envelope Tacamaque par Guibourt. ex. H Salle.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006430
modified: 2019-02-25 12:07:29.577000
country: Colombia
countryCode: CO
locality: Locality revised 2019
ScientificName: Hymenolobium petraeum
scientificNameAuthorship: Ducke
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Hymenolobium
specificEpithet: petraeum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source: Hymenolobium petraeum Ducke 75 Colombia, S.America 22.21 1976 National Univ. of Colombia No.43   Notes updated 2019


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064300
modified: 2006-04-19 16:02:39.787000
country: Yemen
countryCode: YE
locality: South Arabia, Makalla
ScientificName: Commiphora myrrha
scientificNameAuthorship: (T.Nees) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: myrrha
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  (Cakes of Myrrh paste) cones prepared from murrh fativ, used, in a dissolved state for embrocation of the baby by women. Purchasable at Makalla South Arabia.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064311
modified: 2006-05-04 14:56:52.030000
ScientificName: Bursera tomentosa
scientificNameAuthorship: (Jacq.) Triana & Planch.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Bursera
specificEpithet: tomentosa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Gummi Tacamahaca.  Purchased at Milan vi. 1852.  Compared with Prof Guibourts specimens, found it to resemble most nearly his Tacamaque rougeatre (Hist des Drog Tome iij. p485) with which it is perhaps identical in origin


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064318
modified: 2007-01-24 14:28:34.783000
country: Egypt
countryCode: EG
locality: Egypt, Cairo
ScientificName: Commiphora
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Bought in the Bazaar at Cairo by Dr JE Stocks (where it is plentiful) Forskal says Lignum Kafal magna commerciorum pars est et ad Aegyptum transfer tur, ubi vasa hydrophora ficlilia hoc fumo impregnantior, est gustum contiahant genti huicexpetitum. Flor Aegypt Arab. p.80, Dr S says it is still used.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064319
modified: 2010-07-15 14:25:32.777000
ScientificName: Canarium commune
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Canarium
specificEpithet: commune
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Gum Elemi - good Wilson, Snow & Hill. From Sir J E Smith's Collection sold at the Linnean Society's sale 10 Nov 1863. D.H. Package labelled ' 5 Dr Royal'.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064323
country: Somalia
countryCode: SO
locality: Somalia
ScientificName: Commiphora erythraea var. glabrescens
scientificNameAuthorship: Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: erythraea
infraspecificEpithet: glabrescens
taxonRank: Variety
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Bissabol. Probably from the Somali coast, purchasable at Makalla S. Arabia. Medicine for increasing ? of women.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064324
country: Türkiye
countryCode: TR
locality: Turkey
ScientificName: Commiphora erythraea
scientificNameAuthorship: (Ehrenb.) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: erythraea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Bissabol.? Myrrh having a peculiar odour. Selected from Turkey Myrrh 1850. D.H. Label source:  Small jar; Gum Bheasboll, Myrrha indica of Martiny (identified by himself)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064328
locality: Arabia
ScientificName: Commiphora myrrha
scientificNameAuthorship: (T.Nees) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: myrrha
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Myrrh x.4.1855. 40 miles east of Aden. Sort. Probably part of Vaughan specimen ? Pharm Soc Coll.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064332
ScientificName: Commiphora opobalsamum
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: opobalsamum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  One tube from India Museum 1880. Another from D Hanbury (Pres By) Dish of dried resin from Schweinfurth.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064333
modified: 2006-05-10 16:16:01.123000
locality: Arabia
ScientificName: Commiphora myrrha
scientificNameAuthorship: (T.Nees) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: myrrha
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Myrrh from public sale  X.4. 1850. Identical with that producrd 40 miles east of Aden - vide Vaughan in Pharm Journ. and Trans. Vol XII.p.226.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064336
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay
ScientificName: Commiphora playfairii
scientificNameAuthorship: (Hook.f. ex Oliv.) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: playfairii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Tube of Hotai Pharm Journ. XII.227 from Dr Stocks. Foreign writing. Package of Hotai, Recd. from Bombay 1875. Pharm Journ. XII (1853) 227. Foreign writing.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064343
country: Somalia
countryCode: SO
locality: Somaliland, Berbera
ScientificName: Commiphora playfairii
scientificNameAuthorship: (Hook.f. ex Oliv.) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: playfairii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Collected from the Hoddai tree found growing on the maritime mountains to the south and south-east of Berbera, Somaliland Protectorate.  R.E.D-B


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064347
modified: 2006-04-18 15:03:57.950000
country: Egypt
countryCode: EG
locality: Egypt
ScientificName: Commiphora myrrha
scientificNameAuthorship: (T.Nees) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: myrrha
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The most precious drug the authors of the Pheogr. have ever met with: Myrrh collected by Prof Drimichen in an old Egyptian tomb. It does no longer display the reactions described in Phcogrpg. 128, yet has still, I think the true taste.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064355
modified: 2007-01-24 14:29:55.077000
ScientificName: Commiphora opobalsamum
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Engl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
genus: Commiphora
specificEpithet: opobalsamum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Six glass jars - 1. Balsamum meccae, bought at Frankfort (sic) No.1.  2. Mecca balsam (very fine) from JA Vaughan 1853.  3. True balsam produced from Balsamodendron opobalsamum Kth., Cairo, drug maker, from Mustafa Dib 1864. Raumede la Mecque (de Pl?yris opobalsamum).  5. Balsam of Mecca (good) from Dr Stocks 1854.  6. True balsam of Gilead, belonged to one of the Godfrey of Southampton St, The Strand, 'who bequeathed it to Mr Cooke of the firm of Godfrey & Cooke. Mr Cooke left it to Mr William Ince whose son Mr Joseph Ince presented it to me. Dec 5th 1869'  Dan Hanbury.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064356
ScientificName: Burseraceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Burseraceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Said to be spurious & to be manufactured in Holland or Germany. Principal consituent supposed to be .............?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064375
modified: 2005-07-25 12:54:31.500000
ScientificName: Entada scandens
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Benth.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Entada
specificEpithet: scandens
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Indian name Garbee or Gardul - Entada pusaetha - Polygamia honaecia - like Mimosea, sub tribe Acaciae An ? climbing shrub running over the highest trees and forming elegant festoons : legumes from 1 to 3 feet long and 4 or 5 inches broad, formed of a series of joints, each containing one seed  like the accompanying - pretty common along the range of Ghants - at Wanjura and Bamsari (?) one grows with a stem full 6 feet in circumference and runs over trees to a great distance. The seeds are used as an antifebrile medicine  by the Ghant people. In Java and Sumatra they are roasted and eaten like chestnuts.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064379
modified: 2025-04-29 14:04:20.910000
ScientificName: Cinchona
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rubiaceae
genus: Cinchona
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Manufactured by Howards & Sons Ltd Ilford London. Guaranteed to be in accordance with the B.P. Doses -0.06-0.6 gramme 1-10 grains. No tablets inside box when catalogued. Leaflet on Aspirin inside box. Label source:  Two samples, Totaquine powder 1oz (Barclay & Sons Ltd. London & Brighton 25 Tablets 5 grams each (Howards Preparation) J.H.H.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064381
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Cinchona
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rubiaceae
genus: Cinchona
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Packet of quinine containing 5 grains one dose. Price 1 pice. Sold at post offices in Bengal at 1 pice.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064385
modified: 2006-04-19 16:42:24.243000
ScientificName: Dianthus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryophyllaceae
genus: Dianthus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mossy Sweet William in which the flowers are not formed but in their places the bracts are repeated over and over again. See Gard. Chron. Nov. 10 1877 p.602 vol VIII.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064387
modified: 2011-11-15 12:28:44.807000
country: United Kingdom
countryCode: GB
locality: Great Britain, Bedfordshire ?
ScientificName: Rosaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Juss.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rosaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Bobbins used in Bedfordshire in the manufacture of pillow lace. These specimens are made of Plum, Box, and perhaps Oak.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064390
modified: 2007-09-20 11:32:35.703000
country: United States
countryCode: US
locality: United States America, California
ScientificName: Grindelia camporum
scientificNameAuthorship: Greene
kingdom: Plantae
family: Asteraceae
genus: Grindelia
specificEpithet: camporum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  See pamphlet No. 65. 'The Botanical Characters of some Californian species of Grindelia' by P.E.F Perrides??? Welcome Research Laboratory London E.C. Some buds from this specimen handed to Curator 18.1.09.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064393
modified: 2011-02-14 11:58:23.503000
country: United Kingdom
countryCode: GB
locality: Great Britain, Europe, Northern Europe, Somerset
ScientificName: Phragmites australis
scientificNameAuthorship: (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Poaceae
genus: Phragmites
specificEpithet: australis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Piece of ceiling from a house in Somersetshire. Composed of A phragmites and plaster.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064394
modified: 2019-03-14 11:29:06.313000
ScientificName: Rhamnus frangula
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Rhamnaceae
genus: Rhamnus
specificEpithet: frangula
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  See letter 181, 1915;X.p.42. Messrs Curtis & Harvey Ltd. W Watson Esq. A.L.S. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064410
modified: 2006-02-16 10:15:49.713000
country: United States
countryCode: US
locality: US America, Arizona, Papago Reservation
ScientificName: Phaseolus acutifolius
scientificNameAuthorship: A.Gray
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Phaseolus
specificEpithet: acutifolius
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Like butter beans.  The Papago bean has been grown for hundreds of years by the native people of the Sonoran Desert.  In fact, the Papagos have been some of the best farmers of beans that the world has ever known, growing them in the hot summer heat with the flash flood water after desert rains.  They are grown today at Santa Cruz Farm on the Papago reservation.  They are a good staple product with protein, energy, vitamins and minerals all in one food.  They are both white and brown and can be prepared in a vaiety of ways. (Recipes included in pot)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064431
modified: 2005-08-02 15:41:54.230000
recordedBy: Michell WA, Manscupri, W Australia
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, Western Australia, Whim Creek
eventDate: 1903-10-01 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 00/10/1903
ScientificName: Tribulus platypterus
scientificNameAuthorship: Benth.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Tribulus
specificEpithet: platypterus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Branch and twig used by the Austalian blacks for killing fish, kangaroo etc.  The branches and green twigs are beaten between 2 stones till a soapy substance results and they place this in rock holes  where the animals drink.  Called Mannin by the Naluma tribe.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064434
modified: 2005-08-08 16:12:02.997000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay
ScientificName: Tribulus terrestris
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Tribulus
specificEpithet: terrestris
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This plant is well described by Ainslie: the sp is a common plant near the Dardanelles, and called in modern Greek  ?? It has a slender fibrous root, from which spring four to five delicate stalks, spreading flat on the ground; these are hairy and extend 2.5 ft in length.  Flowers are axillary on short peduncles and composed of 5 broad obtuse yellow petals.  The seeds are oily and enclosed in very hard stony cells.  Chota Gokhroo is always to be obtained in the shops.  It is valued as a diuretic and the taste is rather agreeable. Dymock, Pharm Journal.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064438
modified: 2005-08-08 16:09:45.077000
country: United States
countryCode: US
locality: US America, Arizona
ScientificName: Larrea mexicana
scientificNameAuthorship: Moric.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Larrea
specificEpithet: mexicana
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The lac which forms on the branches has been proposed for use in the peparation of a lac dye.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064446
modified: 2005-07-12 10:13:58.547000
ScientificName: Guaiacum officinale
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Guaiacum
specificEpithet: officinale
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Also 125.1907 Letter: The Imperial Bureau of Mycology, 17 Kew Green. dated 24th January 1921 - Dear Mr Hillier, I return your specimen of Lignum Vitae, which I have examined and compared with the specimen of hard wood given me by Mr Coombes from Portuguese East Africa. There is no doubt that both are similarly attacked by a fungus which is confined to the heart wood and which is similar in the characteristics of the attack. There the resemblance ends, as the mycelium of  the two fungi is quite different. It is impossible from these specimens to make even a shot at the cause, but it is likely to be, in both cases, one of the larger fungi. Yours sincerely E Butler


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064450
modified: 2006-04-10 15:26:37.857000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Peganum harmala
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Nitrariaceae
genus: Peganum
specificEpithet: harmala
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The drug, as found in the bazaar, consists of the seeds mixed with a few pedicels surmounted by the five-partite calyx and portions of the three celled, three furrowed capsule. The seeds are of a dull greyish brown colour, irregular angular, and about one eight of an inch long; they have a heavy narcotic odour when crushed, and a bitter taste. Examined under the microscope the testa, which is rough and squarmous may be seen to consist of two rows of large honey combed cells, the walls of which contain brown colouring matter the kernel is greenish, and when a section is placed in glycerine for examination it immediately develops a fine green fluorescence; it consists of two longish cotyledons surrounded by albumen; the cell contents of bothappear granular. Some seed crushed and treated with water for a few minutes produced after filtering a pale yellow fluid with a marked green fluorescence; this was destroyed by alkalis and restored by acids. Dr Pandurang Gopal a Medical Graduate of BombayUniv., has experimented with this drug. He informs me that the infusion or tincture acts as a stimulant, emmenogogue and produces slight intoxication like Cannabis indica. He gave the tincture in 1/2 drachm doses to a female suffering from amenorrhoea, and it had the effect of producing a free menstrual discharge; in five cases of dysmenorrhoea he has found it affective in restoring a free discharge; he further says it is sometimes used by native midwives to procure abortion. Dr Panurang believes it hasproperties  in common with ergot, savin and rue. The equal activity of watery and spiritous preparations may be explained by the fact that a red resinous colouring matter is a secondary product formed by the oxidation of the alkaloid harmaline; it is only produced after a prolonged digestion of the seeds in spirit.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064451
modified: 2007-01-18 12:19:50.863000
country: Japan
countryCode: JP
locality: Japan
ScientificName: Tribulus terrestris
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Tribulus
specificEpithet: terrestris
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This plant is well described by Ainslie, he says, 'The species in question is a common plant near the Dardanelles, it has a slender fibrous root, from which spring the five delicate stalks, spreading flat on the ground; these are hairy and extend 2 1/2 feet in length; the leaves are pinnated, leaflets  5 to 6 pairs nearly round. The flowers are axillary on short peduncles and composed of five broad obtuse yellow petals; these are succeded by a roundish five cornered fruit, about the size of a marble armed with four sharp thorns and containing several seeds. The latter part of this description has been slightly altered as it was incorrect. The Cocci are wedged shaped yellowish when ripe; the external convex surface being rough between the thorns. When all five are in situ the fruit presents 10 thorns pointing towards the peduncle and 10 pointed outwards round the circumference; the latter developed first. This may account for the statement in some books that each coccus has only two spines.The seeds are oily and enclosed within very hard stony cells. Chota gokhroo is always to be obtained in the shops. It is valued as a diuretic. The taste is rather agreeable.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064454
modified: 2006-04-10 15:22:33.400000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Tribulus terrestris
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Tribulus
specificEpithet: terrestris
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  'The action of the drug on the the mucous membrane of the urinary passage appears to resemble closely that of Buchu and uva-ursi' Dymock Pharm Journ Ind. Vol 1. page 244


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064455
modified: 2006-04-10 15:21:50.127000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Fagonia cretica
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Fagonia
specificEpithet: cretica
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The whole plant is commonly kept in the shops it is suffrutescent, much branched with opposite two stipuled leaves; the stipules are often thorny, leaflets linear cuspidate ; the wood of the stem is white and very hard, covered by a raggedlight brown bark, which becomes slimy and mucilaginous when moistened. Dumaso has no particular taste; it is used to prepare a cooling wash for the mouth.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064456
modified: 2006-04-10 15:32:19.670000
country: Sudan
countryCode: SD
locality: Sudan
ScientificName: Fagonia cretica
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Fagonia
specificEpithet: cretica
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Umm Shu?rka - mother of thorns, a bush, part of plant the twigs. Locality all over the Sudan. Uses - for swellings of all sorts. Mode of preparation - pulverised and mixed in millet or dhourra flour in equal parts ...?. . as poultices.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064466
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Garhwal
ScientificName: Hiptage madablota
scientificNameAuthorship: Gaertn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malpighiaceae
genus: Hiptage
specificEpithet: madablota
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  British India. Garhwal, North West Province. Exhibitor Div. Consr. Forests Kumaon. No. 484 D.D. Cat. p.21.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064470
modified: 2004-07-20 12:27:06.247000
recordedBy: Spruce, Richard
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil, Amazonas, Rio Uaupes, Rio Para, Carya
ScientificName: Byrsonima spicata
scientificNameAuthorship: (Cav.) Rich. ex Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malpighiaceae
genus: Byrsonima
specificEpithet: spicata
occurrenceRemarks:
Source: Spruce, R. (1855) Domestic Uses.  Plantae Amazonicae. Domestic Uses. (pp31-61) and miscellaneous notes, p56: Bark used for tanning and also affords a dull red-brown dye.  Cabanos died their garments with it when they attacked Para. 


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064473
modified: 2005-08-19 16:10:17.040000
locality: South America
ScientificName: Malpighiaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Juss.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malpighiaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mr Holland, In my report (8.8.29) on a sample of `Yaga` from G Barger (? Dr G Barger), I described it as belonging almost certainly to the Malpighiaceae, and said that there was some probability that it might be a species of Tetrapteris orBanisteria. L.A.B. 12.11.28. Label source:  48 St Albans Rd, Edinburgh. Aug, 17, 1927. Kew Director, Dear Mr Hill, Thank you for the memorandum about `Yaga` which almost eliminates one of the supposed identifications. We are trying to get proper herbarium material from S America: but it is difficult. The commercial sample so far obtained was not even homogenous and was separated by chemical test on each piece. G Barger.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064474
modified: 2019-01-31 11:05:27.087000
eventRemarks: Date revised 2019
country: Colombia
countryCode: CO
locality: Colombia, Caqueta
eventDate: 1913-04-05 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 05/04/1913
ScientificName: Tetrapterys
scientificNameAuthorship: Cav.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malpighiaceae
genus: Tetrapterys
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  These 2 leaves may be Tetrapterys, but they also may be referable to Banisteriopsis. There is no reason to suppose they represent 2 different species, whatever genus they belong to. April 1950. Note to Keeper of Museums; Herewith are specimens of the twigs and leaves of the Yage plants of the Caqueta District, Colombia. The Asst. Director has the correspondence.  JAS 15.,vii.13. See letter 369 1913, viii p134. Opuscular source: Letter 369. 1913. From TAS.  I am sending to you some stalks and leaves of the bejuco yage, together with a letter from the Minister of Public works with a report from the Commissioner of Florencia in the Cqueta district.  From this info it appears that the virtues of the yage have been much exaggerated.  It is truethat the Indians of the Caqueta and of the Amazons make use of the juices of various plants for love philtres and divination, but the properties of the same plant vary in different localities, and there is evidently much fraud connected with their use.  Dr Zorda Bayon is apparently a gentleman of considerable imaginative powers and though there is no doubt that various plants of the nature of the yage contain opium and hachiss, the supernatural powers attributed to them cannot be accepted as a scientifictruth. I am sorry that I have not been able to obtain specimens of the flowers, the fruits or the seeds, I will try and get some through the Missionaries. (Letter, Mr Percy C Wyndham, HM Minister, Bogota, dated April 5th, 1913, to Mr Hill, received 14th May 1913). Assistant Director  -  'Yage'  - See Rivista....Bogota Vol I pp. 294-297.  On page 297 Dr RZ Bayon says he has deposited specimens of the Bejuco de Yage with the Ministry of Public Works, and that he doesn't think it desirable to send the specimens abroad.  Apparently the climber has not been identified.  Signed TAS. 29. vii. 12. See Newspaper cutting on the Yage plant - The Times American Supplement Tuesday Aug 27, 1912, Directors File. Determination to species level (2019)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064475
modified: 2005-08-19 16:12:25.687000
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: British Guiana
ScientificName: Humiria floribunda
scientificNameAuthorship: Mart.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Humiriaceae
genus: Humiria
specificEpithet: floribunda
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The 90 ft tree produces an edible fruit about the size of a grape and gum similar to the bullet tree but no smaller quantity.  The smell arises from a minute fungus that grows on the bark. Indians scrape it off and scent their hair oil with it.  Bark is usually coated with a fragrant resinous substance.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064476
modified: 2005-08-08 16:20:31.323000
country: Cameroon
countryCode: CM
locality: Cameroons
ScientificName: Sacoglottis gabonensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (Baill.) Urb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Humiriaceae
genus: Sacoglottis
specificEpithet: gabonensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Letter from Director of Imp Inst, dated 7th May, 1931, M327.31. Dear sir, I beg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 5th inst (T563) relating to a specimen of bark from the Cameroons for identification. Further comparison of the few leaves and twigs that accompanied the bark suggest that the species is quite probably Saccoglottis gabonensis Urban, a species of fairly wide distribution in W Africa.  The following record of the use of the bark by W African natives is of interest and confirms the info given in your letter of April 28th (T563).  The bark is bitter and is sold in strips on rolls for the purpose of adding it to palm wine or to gin to render them bitter or as a preventative of fever.  Should you be able to procure more complete herb material from yur correspondent as mentioned in your letter of May 5th,  it should be poss deifinitely to establish the identity of the species.  Specimen of wood and bark of S gabonensis received from Imp Inst 7th Sept 1931.  See Spec of wood from Cameroons Comm Imp Inst 7/9/31. Letter 2 - From SE Chandler to Director. dated 28th April, 1931.  Dear sir, I am sending to you under separate cover samples of bark and leaves from a tree growing in the Cameroons.  The appearence of the bark would seem to suggest a mangrove, but the trees are stated to grow on high stony ground in the forest slightly in the interior, not the coastal mangrove belt.  The bark is understood to have been shipped in fairly large quantities by the Germans before the war, poss as a source of tannin, and it is now much sought after by the natives who transport it to Calabar for sale.  The natives are also stated to use it for flavouring their palm wine.  I shall be much obliged if you can identify the tree from the specimens sent to you.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064479
modified: 2004-07-20 12:27:28.060000
recordedBy: Spruce, Richard
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil, Para
ScientificName: Humiria floribunda
scientificNameAuthorship: Mart.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Humiriaceae
genus: Humiria
specificEpithet: floribunda
occurrenceRemarks:
Source:  Spruce, R. (1855) Domestic Uses.  Plantae Amazonicae. Domestic Uses. (pp31-61) and miscellaneous notes, p31.: Juice distils slowly from between wood and bark; has scarcely any odour when fresh, but in crystallising becomes odiferous.  About San Carlos and on Uaupes, I have noticed scent of umiri tree when several paces off.   Venezuelans give name of niño to fruit


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064488
modified: 2005-07-13 18:00:51.817000
ScientificName: Tribulus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Zygophyllaceae
genus: Tribulus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sample including two separate pots. 1. from Smith. 2. From Singapore, and main sample from Hokai - Expectorant.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064491
modified: 2006-02-16 10:34:42.453000
locality: South America, Africa, New Granada
ScientificName: Byrsonima
scientificNameAuthorship: Rich. ex Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malpighiaceae
genus: Byrsonima
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Four specimens. 1.  Imported from Africa in 1851, 2. In 1852, 3. Obtained in Bogota, Colombia, by AJ de Warszewicz and sent to me from Guayaquil - native of Pamplone, New Granada. J Martiny who examined this sample 18.ix.1851, and said that the bark had not been described.  This specimen is from two Serons of the bark imported from Africa and offered for sale as Winters Bark by CL Jenkin 21. viii. 1851. I think it fetched two pence per pound.. Bag of Coto bark - an admirable remedy for every kind of disease, sent from H Bolivia to Hamburg and to me for analysis.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064492
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil, Para
ScientificName: Byrsonima verbascifolia
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) DC.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malpighiaceae
genus: Byrsonima
specificEpithet: verbascifolia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The wood is used for dyeing clothing a red drab colour.  This dye was a sign of the rebels in the anarchy of 1835/6.  Bark used for tanning


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064494
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Para, Tapajos
ScientificName: Humiria floribunda
scientificNameAuthorship: Mart.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Humiriaceae
genus: Humiria
specificEpithet: floribunda
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Medicinal bark East barnk of the Tapajos. Agrees well with the Martiny description and the bark of Humiria balsamifera though it hardly seems to me to smell of ???


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064497
modified: 2006-02-16 10:27:47.310000
locality: West Tropical Africa
ScientificName: Irvingia gabonensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke) Baill.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Irvingiaceae
genus: Irvingia
specificEpithet: gabonensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Prepared from the seeds and used by the Bengas in the preparation of thier food. The seeds which contain a quantity of oil are separated from the fruits and beaten in a trough till they attain a partially fluid state. This is then put intobaskets of Musa leaves and exposed to the sun, when a white tallow collects on the surface which is poured off, and the Udika allowed to cool in the shade.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064507
country: Sri Lanka
countryCode: LK
locality: Ceylon
ScientificName: Erythroxylum monogynum
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Erythroxylaceae
genus: Erythroxylum
specificEpithet: monogynum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Dug out of swampy places in which at present no trees grow Called by the Cinghalese 'Doommale'


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064514
modified: 1993-11-08 00:00:00
country: Sri Lanka
countryCode: LK
locality: Ceylon
ScientificName: Erythroxylum monogynum
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Erythroxylaceae
genus: Erythroxylum
specificEpithet: monogynum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Oil called by Cinghalese Doomale Tel distilled from E.monogynum and used for making legible the writing on Palmyra leaf by rubbing it on with a burnt rag. No 23 Doommille


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064517
modified: 2006-11-03 16:23:32.103000
ScientificName: Linum catharticum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
specificEpithet: catharticum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Dr Howes, by description and from prior experience this agrees with Linum cartarticum. It is a fairly pure sample with a few fragments of other plants such as normally are associated with it in nature vis. Labiate ? Thymus sp., Plantago sp., Trifolium sp., Medicago lupulina and grass. I have not checked it against herbarium material. Bth (?)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064559
modified: 2006-11-03 15:25:37.067000
ScientificName: Linum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sample of the ligneous or woody particles which produce the flaxen fibre. This oleaginous material, with other ingredients, are found nutritious food for the feeding and fattening of cattle. From the Royal Commission for the Exhibit of 1851. P. 269-77.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064560
modified: 2007-01-25 17:20:07.490000
ScientificName: Linum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Yarn, prepared from unretted Yorkshire flax in half an hour. Spun by Messrs Hives & Atkinson,  Aberdeen, Board of Trade. Label source:  No. 30 Lea yarn from green unretted flax prepared in1/2 an hour spun & approved of Messrs Hives & Atkinson of Leeds a firm admitted by Linen Manufacturers, to be the best spinners of fine warp yarn in England. Yarn No. 30 Lea from Yorkshire flax taken from green straw by machines & liquid in 1/2 an hour by Dickson's patent.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064561
modified: 2006-10-27 14:10:21.270000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China
ScientificName: Linum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Cultivated in Southern Mongolia and the mountains districts of N. China for the oil contained in the seeds.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064563
ScientificName: Linum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Flax fabric from German aeroplane recently bought down. Dec. 28 1917. The woven material of the fabric appears to be flax. L.A.B. 23.12.17.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064564
ScientificName: Linum usitatissimum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
specificEpithet: usitatissimum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Ground flax shives (60-80 mesh) Used in the manufacture of plastics, linoleum and flexible boards.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064571
modified: 2007-05-22 17:53:06.130000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Linum usitatissimum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
specificEpithet: usitatissimum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Grown in India, Hackled in England. Part of this sample returned to Director Nov 10 1906 for despatch to India


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064572
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Assam
ScientificName: Linum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Non - essential - linseed oil cake - manufactured to a very small extent and sold in the District price 2/8 per pound?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064574
country: Ireland
countryCode: IE
locality: Ireland, County Mayo
ScientificName: Linum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Steeped on Schencks patent system and dried by grassing in open air.  Valued 70 pounds sterling per ton.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064583
modified: 2006-10-25 14:31:16.780000
ScientificName: Linum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The fibre was prepared in half an hour by Dickson's patent method.  Permanent black that neither sulphuric acid or any other article will remove it, no retted flax can be dyed a permanent black.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064584
modified: 2006-10-25 14:41:33.840000
ScientificName: Linum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Letter from Johnson to Mr Dyer dated 09.12.1897 Dear Mr Dyer, Since writing the other letter it has occurred to me you might like to have specimens of good and bad flax.  I saw in the account of the defutation the Chief Sec, on the Agricultural Mill that Mr Reade had shown from samples of good and bad flax in support of his speech.  I wrote begging them and he willingly sent duplicate.  I now send portions to you with accompanying labels. I am yours sinc. Johnson.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064589
country: SU
countryCode: SU
locality: USSR
ScientificName: Linum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Prepared by steeping in water, first quality.  NB. The first and second sorts are not brought to St Petersburg market generally.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064592
modified: 2015-01-07 13:19:25.260000
country: Ireland
countryCode: IE
locality: Ireland
ScientificName: Linum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Museum specimens labelled:- 1. Nettle fibre, thread and lace of Urtica dioica, L. Ireland. Lady Doneraile; 2. Parasol cover made in Ireland of nettle fibre, with a border of the fibre of Solomon`s Seal, Lady Doneraile. These all appear to be flax, not nettle. The fibre of Solomon`s Seal might be examined, if desired. L.A.B. Label source:  Parasol. The borders of Corwallaina nulliflora ?? Urica on Stinging nettle flax.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064599
ScientificName: Linum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Wet spun yarns No. 8 No. 28 lea, 55 lea, 14 lea, 41/2 lbs or 10.66 lea, 60 lea, 7lea.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064604
modified: 2011-11-15 12:29:56.840000
ScientificName: Linaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: DC. ex Perleb
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Bobbins used in Oxfordshire in the manufacture of Pillow Lace. These specimens are made of Yew and Plum wood.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064607
modified: 2003-11-20 10:45:29.440000
country: Canada
countryCode: CA
locality: Canada, Ontario, Baden
ScientificName: Linum usitatissimum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
specificEpithet: usitatissimum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Prepared by Mr Livingstone the only manufacturer of flax in Canada. Dew retted scutched, dew retted hackled & water retted hackled.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064616
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Madras
ScientificName: Linaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: DC. ex Perleb
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Agricultural model. Group II Heading K Drawings & Models. Exhibitors Name Madras School of Arts, Madras.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064654
locality: India and Great Britain
ScientificName: Linum usitatissimum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Linaceae
genus: Linum
specificEpithet: usitatissimum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Linssed in 5 tubes; 1. from Bombay, BDH,  2. From Bombay, Lofthouse & Co,  3. From Calcutta,  4. From England, sifted, BDH, London.  5.  Calcutta, British Oil Cake Co.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064675
modified: 2006-09-05 10:25:16.573000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Hyderabad
ScientificName: Plantae
kingdom: Plantae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  These necklaces are used in Ceylon, but the fruits are procured from Hyderabad as the plant does not grow in Ceylon.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064691
modified: 2007-01-18 12:22:29.963000
ScientificName: Elaeocarpus
scientificNameAuthorship: Burm. ex L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Elaeocarpaceae
genus: Elaeocarpus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mydan or Mypan Dyer (?). Here is another necklace for you which I bought in Ceylon, Columbo, don`t know what the seed is.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064695
modified: 2006-10-23 15:55:09.187000
country: Chile
countryCode: CL
locality: Chile, Cantin
ScientificName: Aristotelia macqui
scientificNameAuthorship: L'Hér.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Elaeocarpaceae
genus: Aristotelia
specificEpithet: macqui
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A.maqui with segments cut out by a 'leaf cutting bee'. I saw the bee (a black one with white woolly hairs on its back) at work; it was a long time in choosing a leaf then settled on the edge and cut out a large piece in about half a minute. Rio Zuepe Mission Prov.; Cautin Chile 25 Dec 1905


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064699
country: Madagascar
countryCode: MG
locality: Madagascar
ScientificName: Sloanea
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Elaeocarpaceae
genus: Sloanea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  There seems to be no doubt about the genus, but we have not a single specimen in the Herbarium from Madagascar. JAS 6.iv.05


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064707
country: Trinidad and Tobago
countryCode: TT
locality: Trinidad
ScientificName: Sloanea stipitata
scientificNameAuthorship: Spruce ex Benth.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Elaeocarpaceae
genus: Sloanea
specificEpithet: stipitata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  TP 6357, capsules - can these be identified with Pouteria Aug P.G. pl.33 ? JH Hart Esq Recd 13/89


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064713
modified: 2005-05-31 17:14:38.663000
country: Kenya
countryCode: KE
locality: Kenya
ScientificName: Triumfetta ruwenzoriensis
scientificNameAuthorship: Sprague
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Triumfetta
specificEpithet: ruwenzoriensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Kenya Colony. Local name Mugio (Kukuyu) Bush growing twelve to fourteen feet high, at altitude of 5,500 to 8,000 feet. The natives prepare the fibre in the following manner:- The sticks are cut and while still green the bark is then stripped off. Before the bark has dried it is broken between the finger and thumb and then carefully peeled off leaving the fibre intact. The fibre is then chewed and the gum spat out untill it is clean and the fibre is serarated. The fibre is then allowed to partially dry and then when still damp is rolled on the fire with a forward and backward movement into string. The string is then woven into bags.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064714
modified: 2005-05-31 17:13:48.297000
country: Ghana
countryCode: GH
locality: Ghana
ScientificName: Triumfetta semitriloba var. africana
scientificNameAuthorship: K.Schum.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Triumfetta
specificEpithet: semitriloba
infraspecificEpithet: africana
taxonRank: Variety
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Four samples. Sample 'D' skin scraped before immersion and allowed to remain 6 days in water. Sample 'B' after 5 days immersion in water. Sample 'A' after 20 days immersion in water. Sample 'C' after 3 days immersion in water.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064716
country: Ghana
countryCode: GH
locality: Gold Coast Colony
ScientificName: Triumfetta semitriloba
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Triumfetta
specificEpithet: semitriloba
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sample of Jute from 'Triumfetta' grown & retted in Gold Coast Colony. See letter 173, 1907 June 6.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064718
modified: 2005-05-31 17:15:49.803000
country: Uganda
countryCode: UG
locality: Uganda
ScientificName: Triumfetta althaeoides
scientificNameAuthorship: Lam.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Triumfetta
specificEpithet: althaeoides
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Traps and porcupine snares were made from same. Uganda prob. Entebe. Jan. 1902. Label source:  Triumfetta macrophylla K. Schum. I have compared the specimen in the Herbarium with type material sent from Berlin. March 6.1956 J A Sprague.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064722
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Saharunpore
ScientificName: Triumfetta rhomboidea
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Triumfetta
specificEpithet: rhomboidea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  From wild plants. Presented by the Reporter on Economic Products to the Govt. of India. From Govt Gardens Saharunpore. Registration No. 11419. File No. 82.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064725
recordNumber: 103
modified: 2005-07-08 13:54:01.557000
country: Malawi
countryCode: MW
locality: East Africa, Manganga Hills
ScientificName: Triumfetta amuletum
scientificNameAuthorship: Sprague
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Triumfetta
specificEpithet: amuletum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Worn round the neck as a charm against headache. Sp. nov. See specimen in Herbarium from same locality. 103 Fruit of a creeping plant growing amongst the grass in the Manganja country near Shirwa. JK. Sept 1859.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064726
modified: 2006-12-01 12:35:38.930000
country: Zimbabwe
countryCode: ZW
locality: South Rhodesia, Umtali, Hoboken
ScientificName: Plantae
kingdom: Plantae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Herb. Hort. Bot. Reg. Kew. Grown in old native gardens, Hoboken, Umtali; South Rhodesia. The cord is used for making snares for wild pig etc. Rec'd. from R.H.B. Dickson 26/X/20. See Specimens of leaves and capsules in the Herbarium. (Letter 574, 1920; XIX.p. 44) Letter dated 28.IX.20 J.H.H. 29.XI.20.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064727
country: Malawi
countryCode: MW
locality: British Central Africa, Zomba
ScientificName: Triumfetta rhomboidea
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Triumfetta
specificEpithet: rhomboidea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fibre (No. 185) from British Central Africa. Native name Mzonoguri. Zomba 20th April 1904.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064728
modified: 2005-05-31 17:22:40.867000
recordedBy: Kirk Dr
country: Malawi
countryCode: MW
locality: Malawi, Africa, South Tropical Africa, Zambesi
ScientificName: Triumfetta amuletum
scientificNameAuthorship: Sprague
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Triumfetta
specificEpithet: amuletum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Triumfetta amuletum Sprague. or nearly allied species. I have founded the above new species on Kirk, 164 in the Herbarium, which has somewhat different fruits. Possibly the differences are only matters of age etc. J.A.S. 28.III.05. From near Zumbo, used as a medicine.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064729
modified: 2006-08-24 09:29:37.247000
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil, Jaguara Mattos
ScientificName: Apeiba tibourbou
scientificNameAuthorship: Aubl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Apeiba
specificEpithet: tibourbou
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Leaf specimen and one fruit to Herb. No 1.  The Jangada; the bark of which takes the place of string in the matto; has no other use.  Firewood is used in the production of charcoal  (Extract from letter, G Chalmers, Fazenda de Jaguara (Brazil) dated Oct 19th, 1925 to Lady Harris, 98 Gloucester Terrace, Hyde Park, London).  Specimen of wood in the museum, presented by Lady Harris Verified in Herb 11.i.1926.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064740
modified: 2008-10-21 13:02:24.920000
country: Indonesia
countryCode: ID
locality: Borneo, Banjermassin
ScientificName: Brownlowia peltata
scientificNameAuthorship: Benth.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Brownlowia
specificEpithet: peltata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Eaten as a fruit and yields an oil used in perfumery.  Bears same number in Herbarium.  This is P peltata.  Bentham founded his species on the Herb sp bearing the same no (1288), and apparently never saw the fruits in the Museum. JaS 23.111.05


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064758
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Ganeshkhind Botanic Garden
ScientificName: Corchorus capsularis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
specificEpithet: capsularis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Percentage of dry fibre to green stalks 2.45 Extracted by Retting. Manured with poudrette. Kirkee No 15


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064765
modified: 2006-09-04 17:46:39.083000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Kashmir
ScientificName: Corchorus trilocularis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
specificEpithet: trilocularis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The seeds of this plant are small, black and angular having a diameter of about 1/16 of an inch. Several seeds may often be seen adhering together showing how closely they were packed in the trilocular capsule. In all the samples of this drug which I have seen there was a small proportion of the larger seeds of C.olitorius. These may easily be distinguished by their shape, which resembles that of a life-buoy. Their length is 1/16 of an inch. Both seeds are bitter. They are given in fever and bowel complaints, in doses of half a tola (about 80 grains). The plant grows freely in the rainy season and yields a good fibre. Pharm Journ.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064767
ScientificName: Corchorus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  At Ford Works Sunderland. A sheet 11.5 inches square sustained a weight of 36 stone or 504 lbs.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064771
modified: 2006-10-23 14:59:53.380000
ScientificName: Corchorus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Made at the Ford Works Sunderland May 1874, from two thirds Jute and one third esparto


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064772
ScientificName: Corchorus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Made at Ford Works Sunderland A sheet 11.5 inches square sustained a weight of 19 stone or 260 lbs.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064779
ScientificName: Corchorus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  7 samples treated as follows; 1/2 white, 1/3 white, 3/4 white, full white, mullwashed, creamed, twice boiled.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064782
modified: 2006-08-23 09:59:33.850000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Dullunda
ScientificName: Corchorus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fibre extracted and rope manufactured by the native insane patients in the asylum at Dullunda, Nov 1857


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064799
modified: 2016-12-13 11:34:19.090000
ScientificName: Corchorus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Worn in the South of France under the name of sabots de filasse.  The soles are made of jute, and the tops are of cotton.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006480
modified: 2006-05-09 15:09:43.237000
country: Dominica
countryCode: DM
locality: Dominica
ScientificName: Lonchocarpus violaceus
scientificNameAuthorship: (Klotzsch) Oliv.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Lonchocarpus
specificEpithet: violaceus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A strong durable timber. Good sized tree, 2 to 3 feet in diam., valuable timber, available for many purposes, mill rollers and mill work in general, posts, beams, cart-naves and felloes, blocks for pulleys, ship and boatbuilding.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064804
locality: West Africa
ScientificName: Glyphaea brevis
scientificNameAuthorship: (Spreng.) Monach.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Glyphaea
specificEpithet: brevis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This is regarded as G grewioides by Masters in Fl Trop Africa i. JaS 31,iii,05.  Golungo Alto.  No 5. Collentis carpologica - Florae Angolensis, G grewioides. Nig. Flor.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064815
modified: 2006-07-03 16:03:14.943000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Grewia optiva
scientificNameAuthorship: J.R.Drumm. ex Burret
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Grewia
specificEpithet: optiva
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Date of mfg. March, 1980, by Ijira, Calcutta Fibres supplied by - Dr GP Sharma, Madhav College (Vikram Univ) Ujjain. Associates - Shanti Prakash Sharma, Lalit Mohan Sharma, Rakesh Sharma, Avaneesh Sharma Yarn Test Results - 1. Grist (llb spindle) at 16% MR - 30.2% fibres. 2. Tensile strength (lbs) 13.1% fibres.  3. Quality ratio % = 45.  4. Strenght CV % = 27.3.   5. Twist per inch = 2.64. 6. Irregularity (Diameter CV%) 28.3


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064816
modified: 2010-07-07 11:32:47.373000
locality: South West Tropical Africa
ScientificName: Grewia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Grewia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Berries on a shrub 3 to 5 ft high, pounded to a pulp with water and eaten or fermented into a beer or spirit or capable of being boiled down to a sweet syrup - Dry, Sandy, Clay - between the Bothelle and Zambeze Rivers? Label source:  Note from JaS 9.ii.05 to Mr Hiller - I can find no corresponding specimen in the Herbarium


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064822
modified: 2006-11-13 15:15:47.420000
country: BU
countryCode: BU
locality: Burma
ScientificName: Grewia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Grewia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  These have been compared with specimens of Grewia in Herb Kew and cannot be matched 16 Aug, 1883 (JRJ)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064825
modified: 2006-11-13 16:24:58.217000
ScientificName: Grewia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Grewia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Label on specimen reads pellet bow, made of wood of G asiatica var vestita Wall.  Amritsar, from the Lahore Museum, India Office


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064831
modified: 2006-11-30 16:28:40.570000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Grewia optiva
scientificNameAuthorship: J.R.Drumm. ex Burret
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Grewia
specificEpithet: optiva
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Made in India, March 1980. Blended yarn 55; 45 pure & jute fibres Fibres supplied by Dr GP Sharma, Madhav College (Vikram University) Ujjain Associates Shanti Prakash Sharma, Lalit Mohan Sharma, Rakesh Sharma and Avaneesh Sharma. Yarn TestResults - Grist (lb/spindle) at 16% M.R. = 11 Tensile strength (lbs) = 6.2; Quality ratio = 56%; Strength c.v. = 20.2%; Twist per inch = 3.97; Irregularity (Diameter c.v.) = 26.1%


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064834
modified: 2004-06-24 11:47:43.400000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China
identifiedBy: Wu Qi Gen
ScientificName: Microcos paniculata
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Microcos
specificEpithet: paniculata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Purchased by Museum staff in London W1 Very bitter. Aids digestion. Widely used in tropical and sub-troical regions when feeling hot and poorly. Packet says 'Boil for 2 hours. Good for you' Various plant parts and species (See Multiple field). Plant parts - leaves, roots, rhizome, seeds, stem, wood and bark. Made in Hong Kong This medical tea is contained of the Chinese medicine herbs as follows :- San Mar-tau 10%, Po Char Ip 8%, Hoi Kam-sar 4%, Kam Tsin-cho 4%, Tam Chook Ip 4%, Kong Mu-kan 36%, Gon Mau-Kan 4%, Song Pak 4% and Kam Ying-kan 26%. Direction: it is good for fever and headache, 1 parcel boiled with water for 2 hours and taken it will be relief.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064844
modified: 2013-11-08 12:22:32.447000
ScientificName: Tilia × europaea
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Tilia
specificEpithet: × europaea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Rope made from the fibrous inner bark used by the Germans for hauling heavy war machinery in 1918. Letter 330,1918: xii p.135 dated August 17th 1918 - rope sample, used for hauling a heavy 'minenwerfer', submitted for identification; letter M.I. 6B (2) /2256 War Office dated 14.8.1918 Portugal House, Portugal Street, W.C.2 The specimen submitted consists of twisted strands of the inner bark or bast of the common 'lime tree' (Tilia vulgaris). Although perhaps of value locally where the trees occur in plenty, it is probably not a material that would be preferred for the purpose mentioned, to Manila Hemp (Musa textilis) or Common European Hemp (Cannabis sativa) - the fibre usually manufactured into ropes and cables suitable for heavy haulage.Similar fibre is mentioned by Dodge ( Useful Fibre Plants of the World) as being used in Russia 'for making an exceedingly coarse kind of rope' and there is in the Museum at Kew a specimen of rope made from the inner bark of the same tree, much used in Sweden and Norway for bed-bottom lacing and other purposes.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064849
modified: 2006-11-28 15:16:34.617000
recordedBy: Hickin HJ
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China, Chekiang
ScientificName: Tilia miqueliana
scientificNameAuthorship: Maxim.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Tilia
specificEpithet: miqueliana
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A large spreading handsome lime, the berries of which are strung in rosaries. It is said by the natives only to grow in this one locality throughout the Empire. It is supposed to be the representation of the scared Boh Iue under which Budha sat in India, but that is identified in India as the Ficus religiosa. However this may be its Chinese name is very suggestive being 'Bu' ?? Giles Chinese Dict.  The natives say there are three variations and I have sent the three 'so called' varieties -which differ really very little if at all. I was not able to answer myself of the description.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064850
modified: 2013-02-22 10:23:28.867000
country: United Kingdom
countryCode: GB
locality: Great Britain
ScientificName: Tilia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Tilia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source: Crystal forms in lime wood. Contents - Cubic system ie rhomic dodecahedron, Tetragonal system ie prism, Rhombohedral system, Orthorhombic system ie pinacoid and Monosymmetric system


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064851
modified: 2019-07-18 11:49:42.527000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China, Ichang
ScientificName: Tilia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Tilia
occurrenceRemarks:
Cleaned, repackaged, conserved by TCC, March 1996 Exhibited in Plants + People exhibition in Museum no.1, May 1998 to May 2016


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064853
modified: 2008-05-21 11:47:39.327000
country: SU
countryCode: SU
locality: Russia
ScientificName: Tilia × vulgaris
scientificNameAuthorship: Hayne
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Tilia
specificEpithet: × vulgaris
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The inner bark of the lime or linden tree. The bast is prepared principally in Russia, where it is used in bag and in cordage making, by stripping off the bark from the tree in lengths, from which the fibrous inner layers are removed. The lime tree occurs over nearly the whole of Europe and in Central Asia.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064856
country: Japan
countryCode: JP
locality: Japan
ScientificName: Tilia cordata
scientificNameAuthorship: Mill.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Tilia
specificEpithet: cordata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Forestry Dept of the Japanese Empire. Class III Section 16 No. 3 Rope Tilia cordata ?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064857
modified: 2006-07-24 15:35:30.670000
country: Canada
countryCode: CA
locality: Canada
ScientificName: Tilia americana
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Tilia
specificEpithet: americana
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Stronger rope. Specimens of the manufacture of rope by the French peasants of Lower Canada, from the inner bark of the American Lime Tree. No. 1 Raw Material. No. 2. Partly made into cord; shewing the material as prepared for making ropes which are not required to bear a severe strain, such as halters, etc. No. 3 Shewing the material after it has been steeped in lye, or dried by the sun or fire, in order to bear a heavier strain, as in passing a 'scow' across a river by hand etc. From the Bishop of Quebec.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064861
modified: 2016-12-13 11:36:31.947000
country: Japan
countryCode: JP
locality: Japan
ScientificName: Tilia cordata
scientificNameAuthorship: Mill.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Tilia
specificEpithet: cordata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Getta or sandal made of the wood of Tilia. Label source:  Tilia cordata Mill - Getta or sabots made of wood; also specimens of the inner bark used for tying and rope used as harness for farmers' horses.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064864
modified: 2006-11-09 15:18:45.030000
country: Papua New Guinea
countryCode: PG
locality: British New Guinea
ScientificName: Trichospermum peekelii
scientificNameAuthorship: Burret
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Trichospermum
specificEpithet: peekelii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  As used in British New Guinea. Mr Dallimore - from B.L.B. 21/2/35. Label source:  Mr Dallimore, Spars of bark and string used by Mr JHZ Waterhouse, Bougainville, to protect and tie parcels of spars collected by him at Bougainville, British Mandated Territory of New Guinea, for Kew. W Walker Herb. 8/2/32. See large spec of 'Tonimo' bark on case 74 near office awaiting name of Herb specimen No. 551.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064868
modified: 2014-07-11 14:07:17.227000
country: CS
countryCode: CS
locality: Moravia, Clussee
ScientificName: Tilia × europaea
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Tilia
specificEpithet: × europaea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The fibrous inner bark or bast of the Lime tree. Tilia vulgaris Hayne. (Olmutz) The annual produce (Moravia) amounts to near 800 cuts (800 quintaux poids de Vienne)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064879
modified: 2006-06-12 16:28:12.410000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Corchorus trilocularis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
specificEpithet: trilocularis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The seeds of this plant are small black and angular, having an diameter of about ? of an inch.  Several seeds may often be seen adhering together, showing how closely they were packed in the trilocular capsule.  In all the samples of this drug which I have seen there was a small proportion of the larger seeds of C olitorius.  These may easily be distinguished by their shape, which resembles that of a life buoy, their length is 1/10 inch.  Both seeds are bitter and are given in fever and bowel complaints, in doses of half a tola (about 80 grains).  The plant grows freely in the rainly season, and yields a good fibre.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064885
modified: 2006-11-28 15:37:35.803000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Corchorus olitorius
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
specificEpithet: olitorius
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A further examination of the seeds was made exhausting them with rectified benzene, and water acidulated with hydrochloric acid.  The benzene was a pale yellow and upon evaporation yielded a rich reddish brown oil having no marked odour and a nauseous taste.  The tincture made with rectified spirit was deep red, like tinct. lavandulae comp, very opaque and highly fluorescent.  In native works on materia medica Hurmal is described as an alterative and purifying medicine in atrabilis, and also in diseases supposed to arise from cold humours, such as palsy, lumbago, etc. it is also said to stimulate the sexual system both in the male and female, increasing the flow of milk and menses in the latter.  For administration a concentrated decoctionis mixed with the sweet oil and honey, or the crushed seeds are boiled in wine down to one fourth of the original bulk of the latter, and the mixture is strained. Vida ' Makhzan al Adwiya' article.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064887
modified: 2006-11-28 15:50:27.707000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay
ScientificName: Corchorus fascicularis
scientificNameAuthorship: Lam.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
specificEpithet: fascicularis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A small procumbent woody plant with oblong or lanceolate serrated leaves; peduncles 2 - 5 flowered, opposite to the leaves; capsules linear oblong, nearly terete, rostrate, three celled, about 1/2 inch long.  The capsules are clothed with simple hairs; they contain a number of small dark brown angular seeds.  The plant is very mucilaginous and somewhat astringent; it is valued on this account as a restorative.  Hirunkhoree is the name given to it by the country people and means deers hoof;many of the capsules are in pairs and somewhat resemble the hoof of a deer.  In the Bombay shops it is called Bhauphulli, which must not be confused with Bhapulli, the Mahratta name of Pastinaca grandis.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064894
modified: 2019-10-07 16:09:04.637000
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, Queensland
ScientificName: Brachychiton diversifolius
scientificNameAuthorship: R.Br.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Brachychiton
specificEpithet: diversifolius
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  7 parts. 1. Leaves, 2. fruits, 3. Seeds,  4. Wood from which fibre is obtained, 5. Layers of wood, 6. Fibre, 7. Twine from fibre. Related to netting object 100735.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064896
country: Italy
countryCode: IT
locality: Sicily
ScientificName: Plantae
kingdom: Plantae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Native to Australia but collected in Sicily Mrs MJ Baker, New Hall, Crowfield, Ipswich Suffolk Letter D1323/M68


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064897
modified: 2016-12-13 11:38:09.720000
country: Mexico
countryCode: MX
locality: Mexico, Oaxaca
ScientificName: Byttneria carthagensis
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Byttneria
specificEpithet: carthagensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  'Rosa textilis' Fair colour. badly prepared, very weak fibre good length. The weakness is no doubt caused by the preparation. This would find quite a ready market and especially if its strength was not so much affected. Today`s value 20 to22 pounds per ton. Enclosed in letter 569.1913 : xiii p.196 Stuart R Cope Nov 6th 1913 to Director. Report by Messrs Corrie, Marc Coll & Son, 23 St Dunstans Hill E.C. 'Rosa textilis pentagonalis (Thomatisii). Staple long and strong but the bark has thornswhich interfere with the manipulation of the clean fibre. It may yield nearly a ton per cutting per acre and can be cut twice a year. It grows by roots preferably. It is a perennial.' (Letter Stuart R Cope, 33 Gt Tower St, London 6th November 1913 to Director). [No 569.1913 : viii p.196] Length of fibre 3.30


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064906
modified: 2006-05-18 12:09:19.050000
country: Gambia, The
countryCode: GM
locality: Gambia
ScientificName: Cola acuminata
scientificNameAuthorship: (P.Beauv.) Schott & Endl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Cola
specificEpithet: acuminata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Tropical Africa, the seeds ....... are known as Cola or Go..ra nuts. The trade in these seeds on the Gambia is thus described in a report by Acting Administrator Berkeley, copied in the Kew Report for 1880; 'the trade in cola nuts is anattractive feature in the commerce of the Gambia. The cola nut is the produce of the Sierra Leone district, and the trade in it, both at Sierra Leone and Gambia, is almost entirely in the hands of women, to a large number of whom it affords the means of livelihood, and in many instances the acquisition of considerable wealth. The nut is largely consumed by the natives of the Gambia. It is of a bitter taste, and produces no exhilarating effect but is said to possess the power of satisfying for a considerable time the cravings of hunger. For this purpose however, it is much less used than it is a luxury The trade in the article is rapidly increasing'. In 1860 the imports were about 15000 lbs while in 1879 they had risen to about 743000 lbs. The trade in these seeds has also spread to Central Africa, and even to the African shores of the Med. Besides the use of these seeds for staying for a prolonged periods the cravings of hunger and enabling those who use them to endure increased fatigue without loss of powerthey are very important for the preparation of a refreshing and invigorating beverage. The cola nut has recently attracted a good deal of attention. One of the newest revelations in connection with it is the property it is said to have of curing drunken ..... a single nut is ground up and made into a paste with water, and swallowed, and 1/2 an hour afterwards no sign of intoxication remains.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064908
modified: 2006-05-10 16:39:47.247000
locality: West Africa
ScientificName: Cola acuminata
scientificNameAuthorship: (P.Beauv.) Schott & Endl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Cola
specificEpithet: acuminata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  50 bage West African Kola Nuts at per lb. Lying at Red Lion & Three Crane Wharf. Ex 'Jerseymoor' @ West Africa. Per Rail @ Liverpool. Warehoused August 1918 Hale Hon Fenchurch Avenue E.C. Drug sale 26.9.18


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064909
modified: 2006-05-18 12:03:15.217000
country: Saint Lucia
countryCode: LC
locality: St Lucia
ScientificName: Cola acuminata
scientificNameAuthorship: (P.Beauv.) Schott & Endl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Cola
specificEpithet: acuminata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Exhibitor G Bernard Park Estate St Lucia British West Indies The seed of Cola acuminata a tree cultivated in the West Indies are largely used for making refreshing drinks; Caffeine the tonic principle found in both coffee and kola renders this product an anti-alcoholic and its consumption enables labourers to work for long periods without food. St Lucia exported 9044 lbs of nuts during 1922


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064912
modified: 2007-01-18 12:24:05.897000
country: Nigeria
countryCode: NG
locality: North Nigeria
ScientificName: Cola acuminata
scientificNameAuthorship: (P.Beauv.) Schott & Endl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Cola
specificEpithet: acuminata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The 'Laboshi' Cola (cf. Lech in Mittheil a.d.Deutsch. Schutigeb. XIV p.12) the most highly prized Cola of the Sudan Legit WR Elliot, Forestry Dept, Northern Nigeria. Kola fruits from old Laboshi trees from which flowers ..?.. also ..?.. 2.12.03 (this label refers to the 2 small fruits JMst Fruit from younger trees at ?? WR Elliott 2.12.03 (this label refers to the large fruit which has been dissected JMst) Dr Howes


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064929
modified: 2006-05-22 14:57:53.753000
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, Victoria
ScientificName: Commersonia fraseri
scientificNameAuthorship: J.Gay
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Commersonia
specificEpithet: fraseri
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A fine ornamental foliage shrub or small tree of very quick growth attaining under favourable circumstances, a height of 20 feet. Bark yields a good strong fibre of a light brown colour and is extensively used by the settlers as a tying material.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064942
modified: 2005-06-22 17:17:43.677000
ScientificName: Glossostemon bruguieri
scientificNameAuthorship: Desf.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Glossostemon
specificEpithet: bruguieri
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  M321-30 Sample No 9456 Horace Battin & Co Ltd, Port of London Building, Seething Lane E.C.3, described as 'Mughas Root' is apparently part of the root, or tuber, or base of the stem of G.bruguieri, Desf. Genuine 'Revalenta arabica' is stated to be prepared from the tubers of this plant, the tubers being sold in some countries under the name of 'Moghaat' or 'Moghath'. LAB 21.4.30


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064943
modified: 2007-05-22 10:28:58.137000
country: Iran
countryCode: IR
locality: Persia
ScientificName: Glossostemon bruguieri
scientificNameAuthorship: Desf.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Glossostemon
specificEpithet: bruguieri
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Copy of report 7.11.28 - sample of 'Arabkoozy' from Persia, Taylor, Pyemont & Mulleneux, 5 Tithebarn Street, Liverpool. The sample of 'Arabkoozy' consists of portions of the tuber and basal part of the stem of G.bruguieri, Desf., which grows in Persia, Mesopotamia and South Arabia. It is stated that genuine 'Revalenta Arabica', an easily digestible food for invalids, is prepared from the tubers of this plant. The tubers are sold under the name of 'Moghaat' or 'Moghath' in some countries and  according to a German work, 'Arabgossi' in Arabia. The latter name is, no doubt, a pronounciation - variant of 'Arabkoozy'. LAB 19.xi.28 Memo from Taylor, Pyemont & Mulleneux dated Liverpool 10th Nov 1928 to Director RBG Kew - Dear Sir, We are in receipt  of your favour of the 9th instant, re 'Arabkoozy' and thank you for the information contained therein.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064944
modified: 2007-05-29 15:00:07.227000
country: Iraq
countryCode: IQ
locality: Iraq
ScientificName: Glossostemon bruguieri
scientificNameAuthorship: Desf.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Glossostemon
specificEpithet: bruguieri
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Ingredients used in the composition of 'Mooghaat' powder, in great repute amongst Moslems and Copts as a medicine for renewing strength of women after childbirth. As sold in the Bazaar, Alexandria RMB. Ingredients - 1. Glossostemon bruguieri. 2. Corrigiola telephiifolia Pour. 3. Unknown. 4. Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) 5. Tasteless hermadactyls. 6. Portulaca oleracea L.. 7. Prunus sp.  and Pot of the 'mooghaat' powder ready for use Label source:  Extract from letter dated Port Houn (?) Alexandria 31.12.95 - The moghaat still maintains its ancient repute in this country amongst both Copts and Arabs and its native country (Persia ?) and as the plant of which it is the root appears to be unknown you will be interested in ascertaining them. Imported from Bagdad under the name of Mooghait in great repute amongst Moslems and Copts alike as a medicine for renewing strength of women after childbirth. Its use is evidently extremely ancient and anterior I imagine to the Arab Mousin (?). It appears inthe Bazaars as a white rhizome much resembling the 'Ark helawee' (or Laponaria root) but has no botanical relation to it whatever I imagine. The root is powdered and mixed with other ingredients incliuding 'hameera' (leuven) and 'Damn' (native butter known as India or ghee) a bowl of this mixture is administered hot every morning to the patient for six weeks after the birth of a child.  Rear Admiral Blomfield


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064954
modified: 2016-12-13 12:06:16.323000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Central Provinces, Hurda
ScientificName: Helicteres isora
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Helicteres
specificEpithet: isora
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  History & Uses - This is a tall shrub or small tree, much resembling the common hazel; the flowers, which are bright red and showy, appear in the rains. In Sanskrit it is called 'Avartani'. The peculiar twisted form of the carpels has probably led to its use as a medicine according to the ancient doctrine of signatures. Ainslie notices its use by the Hindus as a remedy for offensive sores inside the ears. At the present time it enters into most prescriptions for the cure of griping in the bowels and flatulence, especially in the cases of children. Its chief virtue seems to be its harmlessness. Description - The fruit consists of five slender angular carpals twisted like a corkscrew and together forming a cone about 1.5 to 2 inches long. The carpels are pubescent and of a greenish brown colour; they contain a single row of dark brown angular seeds. The internal surface is of a light greenish hue and highly polished; taste mucilaginous. Medicinally we may consider this drug to be simply demulcent. Commerce: it is kept in all druggist shops as a domestic remedy in perhaps one .......... Known articles in the Hindu Materia Medica. Value Rs 3.5 per Surat maund of 37.5 lbs. (Part missing)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064959
modified: 2006-05-22 15:07:49.163000
country: Venezuela
countryCode: VE
locality: Venezuela, Caracas, La Guayra
ScientificName: Guazuma tomentosa
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Guazuma
specificEpithet: tomentosa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sold in the markets of Cracas and La Guayra and greatly used in the country to cure many diseases as Blenorragia, Disentaria, Menstru.. etc. This trees grows in the tierra caliente


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064963
recordedBy: Heinnig RS
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Bengal, Sunderbuns, Khulua Sundzi Forest (?)
eventDate: 1894-11-01 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 00/11/1894
ScientificName: Heritiera fomes
scientificNameAuthorship: Banks
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Heritiera
specificEpithet: fomes
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Kew Index Heritiera fomes - India or Malaya. H.minor Roxb. Fl.Ind. iii 142 = H.fomes H.minor Lam. Roxb. Fl.Ind iii 142 ; Kurz For.Fl. I. 141 H.fomes Buch. Fl.Br.Ind. i 363  JHH Aug 18 1904 Gamble Timbers p.97


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006497
modified: 2014-01-30 12:51:22.017000
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: British Guiana
ScientificName: Machaerium schomburgkii
scientificNameAuthorship: Benth.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Machaerium
specificEpithet: schomburgkii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Woods of British Guiana exhibited by Park & Cunningham, Demerara. Average height 70 feet, squares 15 in.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064972
modified: 2006-07-20 15:46:32.267000
country: BU
countryCode: BU
locality: Burma, Mandalay
ScientificName: Mansonia gagei
scientificNameAuthorship: J.R.Drumm.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Mansonia
specificEpithet: gagei
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Wood of Cordia fragrentissima (according to Sawyly) aromatic (Not any longer 1991) used as a cosmetic by Burmese women: purchased Mandalay market, expensive - 8 annas. FN Howes 4.3.28 Mr Howes, Many thanks for the 3 specimens for identification which I will deal with as soon as possible. This specimen from No 1 museum appears to be Mansonia gagei nor Cordia fragrantissima as labelled. Crm 2.11.31


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064983
modified: 2006-05-18 11:22:22.793000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China, Yunnan Province, Szemao
ScientificName: Pterospermum
scientificNameAuthorship: Schreb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Pterospermum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The herbarium specimen of the plant will be hunted up and specific name determined later.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000064992
locality: La Mortola, Ventimiglia
ScientificName: Sterculia diversifolia
scientificNameAuthorship: G.Don
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sterculia
specificEpithet: diversifolia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Queensland, New South Wales Dal giardino del Comm Sir T Hanbury, La Mortola, Ventimiglia


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065000
modified: 2019-10-07 16:07:14.177000
recordedBy: Leslie Mrs Patrick
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia
ScientificName: Brachychiton populneus
scientificNameAuthorship: (Schott & Endl.) R.Br.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Brachychiton
specificEpithet: populneus
occurrenceRemarks:
Record changed 2019 (MN) to separate what were 2 bags catalogued as 'Netting made from Fibre'. The second basket is now 100735.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065001
modified: 2007-08-31 12:58:57.550000
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, Victoria
ScientificName: Brachychiton populneus
scientificNameAuthorship: (Schott & Endl.) R.Br.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Brachychiton
specificEpithet: populneus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A glabrous tree of pyramidal growth ('Currijong' of the Aborigines) attaining a height of 40 feet or more. It has a thick swollen trunk from which fact it is known to the settlers as the bottle-tree. Fibre coarse, strong and elastic.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065007
modified: 2010-07-07 11:34:02.140000
locality: Zambesi River
ScientificName: Sterculia quinqueloba
scientificNameAuthorship: (Garcke) K.Schum.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sterculia
specificEpithet: quinqueloba
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Bark simply stripped off the young branches without being twisted is much used for cordage. The wood of these branches makes good light poles for roofing a hut. It is very .... and straight grained. See sketch in the Herbarium and sketch of another tree in the vicinity


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065008
modified: 2005-06-06 13:38:09.527000
locality: Zambesi River
ScientificName: Sterculia quinqueloba
scientificNameAuthorship: (Garcke) K.Schum.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sterculia
specificEpithet: quinqueloba
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  See Flora of Tropical Africa Vol I p.218 Triple fruit of the kookomboyou growing in limestone ..?.. house in the cliff on the north point of Lupin hill Zambesi River. T Baines 23.1.1863


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065009
modified: 2016-12-13 12:07:51.520000
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, Queensland
ScientificName: Sterculia rupestris
scientificNameAuthorship: (T.Mitch. ex Lindl.) Benth.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sterculia
specificEpithet: rupestris
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A curious tree having a huge bottle shaped trunk and tough bark the fibre of which is adapted for ropes, corse bagging etc.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065010
modified: 2012-05-10 16:44:58.943000
country: Indonesia
countryCode: ID
locality: Java
ScientificName: Plantae
kingdom: Plantae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Introduced from Siam as a remedy for diarrhoea and dysentry See Hanburys notes on Chinese Materia Medica p.172 Previously named Erioglossum edule Bl. (Sapindaceae) also Sapindus rubiginosus Roxb. India on jar, Java on note with specimen


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065034
recordNumber: 2547
modified: 2005-06-22 10:58:28.867000
recordedBy: Jefford TG, Juniper BE, Newbould J
country: Tanzania
countryCode: TZ
locality: Tanzania, Mpanda District, Mahali Mts, Lumbye River Mouth
eventDate: 1958-09-22 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 22/09/1958
ScientificName: Sterculia tragacantha
scientificNameAuthorship: Lindl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sterculia
specificEpithet: tragacantha
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Small tree 10 x 3 feet girth ; leaves green, bright, flowers rose pink ; slash in P. pink & white eventually orange-brown.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065035
recordNumber: A.19
modified: 2005-07-08 13:53:26.757000
recordedBy: Kirk Dr
country: Mozambique
countryCode: MZ
locality: Rovuma River (30 miles up)
eventDate: 1861-03-01 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 00/03/1861
ScientificName: Sterculia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sterculia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The Sterculia tree with large leaf and panicle of small panicles. The seeds of which yield an oil. Common on the Zambesi. JK


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065045
modified: 2009-11-21 18:03:24.573000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Calcutta
ScientificName: Corchorus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Corchorus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sent from Calcutta 19th Feb 1849 jute worth 18.15.0 a ton, sent to Mr Henshall & Mr ?? by Messrs Potter & Clarke Calcutta


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065055
modified: 2007-08-31 12:58:13.047000
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, New South Wales
ScientificName: Sterculia lurida
scientificNameAuthorship: F.Muell. ex Benth.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sterculia
specificEpithet: lurida
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A tree of large size, somewhat resembling S.acerifolia - the Flame tree - bark valuable as a fibre yielding material suitable for ropes, matting etc


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065057
modified: 2006-10-31 16:00:31.950000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Andaman Islands
ScientificName: Melochia umbellata
scientificNameAuthorship: (Houtt.) Stapf
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Melochia
specificEpithet: umbellata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  From fibre obtained from this tree rope is made for turtle lines, nets, cables, the preparation and manufacture of which devolve on men.  The bark of this tree also furnishes the material of which the chip-sling (No 24) or baby slings are made


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065058
modified: 2017-04-12 11:14:22.503000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Andaman Islands
ScientificName: Melochia umbellata
scientificNameAuthorship: (Houtt.) Stapf
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Melochia
specificEpithet: umbellata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fine netting, plain or ornamental with shells, worn occasionally by both sexes as necklaces, armulets etc. Baby slings (No. 24) bows, pig spears etc are sometimes ornamented with pieces of this netting. Sarah Giffin, UCL - The beads  are tusk shells (Dentalium octagonum, also known as Elephant's tooth, a species of scaphoapoda mollusc found off the coast of India. Note from Ruth Stungo: Dendrobium is yellow straw like material (see Radcliffe-Brown, The Andaman Islanders. CUP, 1922,  p 482; E.H. Man, 1885, reprinted 1932,  On the Aboriginal inhabitants of the Andaman Islands,  p. 164).  Shells are Dentalium sp.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065060
modified: 2016-12-13 12:08:13.700000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Andaman Islands
ScientificName: Melochia umbellata
scientificNameAuthorship: (Houtt.) Stapf
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Melochia
specificEpithet: umbellata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sling or band made by women which is worn like a sash over one shoulder by women and sometimes by men when carrying infants


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065061
modified: 2006-11-08 14:31:41.820000
country: Papua New Guinea
countryCode: PG
locality: New Guinea, Kiwai Fly River
ScientificName: Sterculia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sterculia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Good colour but fibres much netted, unsuitable for weaving but might do for some description of cords. Value 15 pounds per ton.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065080
modified: 2006-11-06 12:25:37.480000
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The beans are cleaned and roasted preliminary to the manufacture of cocoa & chocolate


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065081
modified: 2006-11-06 16:28:12.593000
locality: Island of St Thomas
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Report by Messrs Lewis & Peat, 6 Minicing Lane London EC dated Feb 11 1910 on samples of Cocoa from St Thomas, for Mr WH Johnson - No 1 good bright red, well cured, bold and well picked, fairly well fermented; break rather dark, about 53/-to 54/- per cwt. Good colour and appearance. No 2 nearly as No 1 in description, break rather thicker. Value about 2/- less than No 1. No 3 'Smalls'; worth about 47/- No  Dark and unsound break 'weathered cocoa'; perhaps not dried sufficiently quick. Letter From Mr Johnson to Mr Hillier dated 16.2.10 - Dear Hillier, thanks very much for your two letters dated 8th & 11th Feb respectively & also for kindly getting cocoa samples valued. You however did not give a value for number iv, was this considered valueless or should the valuation given to No iii apply? If I'm near Mincing Lane on a Monday afternoon or Tuesday morning I shall call on Mr Mumford (?). I have already promised  .... and see ..?.. and Potter (?). I sent the Director a 'bag' the other day. Ihope it is of interest for Museums. With best regards from yours sincerely Johnson


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065082
modified: 2006-11-06 12:29:49.770000
country: Jamaica
countryCode: JM
locality: Jamaica
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sender - Director of Agriculture, Hope, Kingston Chemical laboratory, Messrs Rowntree & Co York 29.9.1924. We have looked carefully into this sample and find that it is identical with the previous one but not at all like typical ariba. I am sending you today three tins, one containing a sample of summer ariba cocoa, the second containing a sample of winter or epoca ariba and the third tin a sample drawn from your sample. You will notice that there are very great differences between the two Ariba qualities and your sample not only in the size and shape of the beans but in the aroma. (signed) BG McLellan (Chemist)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065083
modified: 2013-08-22 12:02:26.420000
country: Cameroon
countryCode: CM
locality: Cameroon
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter 4,1917: xi p.98 - 'I have the honour to inform you that part of a consignment of cocoa sent to us for sale by the British authorities in the Cameroons, West Africa, has been found to be musty and sour. Though the damage may have been due to storage in a damp place before shipment, it is suggested by our brokers that the curing of the cocoa was more probably at fault. I have to enquire whether you would be in a position to advise us on this point and furnish us with any observations that might be useful to the Superintendent for plantations in the Cameroons if a sample of the cocoa were sent to you for examination. We have a small sample in our possession part of which can be sent to you if you will inform us how much will be required.' Crown Agents for the Colonies, 4 Millbank, Westminster, SW, 22 Dec 1916 to Director. Sample (M produce 0224) asked for one or two pounds by Mr Hill Dec 23 1916 and sent on the instructions from the Crown Agents direct from Messrs S.Figgis & Co, 45 Fenchurch Street EC 27 Dec 1916, taken from consignment of 1700 bags Cameroon cocoa. 'Eady and I have examined the cacao beans and do not think the deterioration is due to their becoming damp during storage. Many of the beans are quite good but others have a sour taste which Eady tells me is due to faulty curing (almost certainly under-fermentation). The sample is probably a mixed one. He says he does not consider this a bad sample (native prepared beans are almost always mixed) and it is very much better than many he has seen. If the best price is wanted the only thing to do now is to pick over the whole lot by hand. The Superintendent of the Cameroons plantations could be obtain advice from the Nigerian Agricultural Dept.' (Signed) 1st Jan 1917 ADC


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065092
country: Seychelles
countryCode: SC
locality: Seychelles
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  No 1 Cocoa No 1 Ceylon cure, very dulland poor break rather dark and some unsound, probably left wet too long after washing. Value about 60/- per cwt - Report from Messrs Lewis & peat to Imp Inst


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065099
modified: 2006-10-27 15:32:33.140000
locality: Island of St Thomas
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Nearly as No 1 in description but rather darker in colour. Value about 2/- less than No 1.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065101
country: Italy
countryCode: IT
locality: Italy
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Large quantities are imported from Italy, under the name of 'Miserable' sent to Ireland and are said to yield a wholesome beverage to the poorer classes.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065103
modified: 2007-07-03 10:50:01.567000
country: Ghana
countryCode: GH
locality: Gold Coast, Aburi
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Copy of letter No 2047/73/1911 dated 21st Dec 1911 - Sir, I have the houour to inform you that I am sending to you for your Museum, by this week`s mail a small parcel of cocoa of the variety we are calling 'Cundeamor' prepared at Aburi Botanic Gardens.  2. This variety is interesting in that it appears to have been received from Kew along with some seedlings named 'Pentagona' in 1901. Nine of these seedlings were planted out and one tree, the first to bear fruit, yields a quite distinct pod and bean from that of pentagona.  This was not specially noticed at first (until the other trees came into bearing) and a small plot was established of this type under the name pentagona. The sample of cocoa sent you is from this plot.  3. The pods are large, yellow in colour, some of then blunt and others with sharp pointed ends, wrinkled and more closely resembling the Cundeamor type of Ceylon, but quite distinct from Pentagona, which has 5 prominent ridges.  The young trees are prolific (more so thanthe parent) and the beans are large in size and exhibit a better sample than the ordinary cocoa in cultivation in this colony (Amelonado). It would appear to be a valuable introduction.  4. We are experiencing a great demand for the pods at 2/6each. I believe it is a valuable hybrid as the trees do not all exhibit an exactly similar type. Pentagona yields with us very few fruits annually. I am sending a sample to the Imp Inst for investigation. (Signed) W SD Tudhope Director of Agriculture. Received Jan 11 1912, ack 16 Jan 1912 JHH Submitted to Lewis & peat for report, copy of report sent to Mr Tudhope JHH Report by Lewis & Peat 13 Jan 1912 - Gentlemen, We are much obliged for your letter together with sample of cocoa from the Gold Coast.  We have examined same and beg to hand you our report upon quality and valuation.  The cocoa is good extra bold pale reddish, well cured and prepared, worth about 53/- to 54/- per cwt. From the size and appearance, it is worth 8/- to 10/- per cwt more than ordinary qualities from Accra and West Coast of Africa.  The market is quiet and prices during the past few weeks have declined 2/- to 3/- per cwt.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065104
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mr Epps per Mr EM Holmes Sample of pod from the male Cocoa tree, seldom grows to such a large size, generally falls off when the size of sample 2. Recd from Mr Morris June 8 1891 Two small packets of male and ordinary flowers


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065105
country: Saint Lucia
countryCode: LC
locality: St Lucia
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Exhibited by Mr Gabriel Laffitte 'Dauphine' St Lucia A very good sample of properly fermented Estate Cocoa. It has been 'cleaned' by nature (?) Recent value in London about 55/- per cwt


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065110
modified: 2006-10-27 14:27:01.523000
country: Belize
countryCode: BZ
locality: British Honduras
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Report by Messrs Wilson Smithett & Co, 41 Mincing Lane Dated 31.8.93 'No 1 fine bold red, washed and highly prepared, well fermented, good coloured break generally, but with a few dark breaking beans. Very little flavour. Value about 115/-to 120/- per cwt. No 2 rather darker colour and more mixed in size but with the same character. Value about 105/- to 110/- per cwt. These cacaos would rank with the finest growths for appearance and also for the colour of the bark, but like many of them have no attractive flavour. The values would be for parcels sufficiently large to attract general trade attention.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065114
modified: 2006-10-27 14:25:39.917000
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Portions of the embryos separated from the nuts or seeds in the manufacture of chocolate


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065117
modified: 2006-10-27 14:32:11.640000
country: Cuba
countryCode: CU
locality: Cuba
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter H1.1901 dated Kew May 18th 1901 - Dear Mr Johnson, I am sorry I have delayed in this matter of the cocoa. It is made into a paste by the negro women (not the natives or the aboriginals) They kneed it with their hands and roll it outwith a small roller, then ball it up, then give it casual digs as you will see with the end of the roller. It is made of all sizes and shapes in the most casual way and is sun dried. No two pieces are alike. It is not an  article of commerce, or some degree of uniformity would be necessary. It is just for their own use. It was given me by a young Cuban, whose father has a very large sugar estate out there and who consequently employs a great deal of black labour. He has seen such lots of it that he couldnot realise that it could be any object of interest. Thought we should just use it - but two reasons hold against this, one was that my people could not quite fancy negro kneeded cocoa and the other was that I thought ??? and these other peoples preparations good enough for us and that the best (?) resting place for this was at Kew. I am pleased that you think so too. Very truely yours F Edward Hulme


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065125
modified: 2007-09-06 12:04:12.510000
country: Trinidad and Tobago
countryCode: TT
locality: Tobago
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Cocoa pods from Tobago, exhibited at Trinidad agricultural show 1912 - from trees known to have been grown in Tobago for 200 years. Letter King`s Bay Tobago 31st Jan 1912 - In 1906 I went with a native as guide up the Louis D'or River (2 miles from King`s Bay, Tobago) for about 3 miles and then scrambled up a tributary ravine until the  'Woods Cacao' (as the natives call it) was reached.  There were about a dozen trees in a clump surrounded by forest tree from 50 to 100 feet in height and the cacao trees appeared like huge palms with a crest of branches at the top. Seeds had dropped and the young seedlings were like young fishing rods from 40 to 50 feet long, bare but for a few leaves on top. A few pods were on the trees, perhaps three on each at most. As they were not ripe I sent a native a couple of months later to gather them and he brought down 5 pods. Three of these were sent to the late Mr IG Haynes, St Clair Avenue and from Bamboo cups, he transplanted a number of the plants in his garden and it was from these trees that the pods on the Tobago Planters' Association Stand at the exhibition, were gathered. It may be of interest to state that Mr Haynes in 1908 sent me pods from these trees just 2 years after he had received the seeds. It is said that the trees were planted by Dutch settlers and are over 200 years old. Robert S Reid. Copy of report on cacao pods brought by Mr Hill from Trinidad 1912 Feb 23rd, enclosed in letter Mr WG Freeman, St Clair Experiment Station, Trinidad, datedFeb 19th 1912. See letter 124, 1912 VII p.125


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065137
country: Ghana
countryCode: GH
locality: Gold Coast
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Report by Mssrs Lewis & Peat  Mincing Lane 5.10.08 - Bold colour reddish, even but dark break. Worth today 50/- to 51/- per cwt


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065146
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Para
ScientificName: Theobroma grandiflorum
scientificNameAuthorship: (Willd. ex Spreng.) K.Schum.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: grandiflorum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter 117,1915 : x p.17 Sample of nuts from Para described as a species of Cocoa - for oil crushing


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065158
modified: 2006-10-25 12:02:14.963000
country: Jamaica
countryCode: JM
locality: Jamaica, Spring Hill Plantation
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Choice kinds of cacao. Trees and leaves quite distinct. Introduced into Portland and Metcalfe Jamaica 1780 to 1798 by Colonies of French refugees from St Domingo and Dominica. No 1 milk white very choice, No 2 French white, high flavour,  No 3 Spanish white good sound. Grown and exhibited by Rev J Roberts


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065164
country: Trinidad and Tobago
countryCode: TT
locality: Trinidad
ScientificName: Theobroma cacao
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: cacao
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Forastero Verde Liso Known in Trinidad as Large Verdilico. They are originally smooth, pale green. Fair quality commercially


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065169
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Upper Amazon
ScientificName: Theobroma glaucum
scientificNameAuthorship: H.Karst.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: glaucum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  I do not find any corresponding specimen in the Herbarium, but one of Trail`s plants from Barreira bianca, Rio Jutahi) bears the native name Macacaina. This is provisionally named Theobroma glauca, Karst. JAS 9.iii.05


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065179
recordNumber: 8373
modified: 2006-10-31 14:19:49.477000
recordedBy: Tonduz
country: Costa Rica
countryCode: CR
locality: Costa Rica, Cartago province, Turrialba
eventDate: 1893-11-01 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 00/11/1893
ScientificName: Theobroma simiarum
scientificNameAuthorship: Donn.Sm.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: simiarum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Ex Plantis Guatemalensibus Necnon Salvadorensibus Hondurensibus Nicaraguensibus Costaricensibus  Quas Edidit John Donnell Smith 7313  Theobroma simiarum, Donn.Sm. in Botan. Gaz. XXV 145 in Pitt Prim Fl Cost ii 52. Leg Tonduz (n.8373 herb nat Cost)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065183
modified: 2019-01-23 16:12:44.173000
recordedBy: Dawe MT
country: Colombia
countryCode: CO
locality: Tolima, Ibague Locality revised 2019
ScientificName: Theobroma bicolor
scientificNameAuthorship: Bonpl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Theobroma
specificEpithet: bicolor
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  83. T.bicolor, colombia Ibague at 4,500 feet. A small tree with large leaves and handsome fruits. A mission station at Ibaque is making experiments with it as a stock cacao 'Cacas sylvestre' Rec'd 17 June 1916 From Herb Specimen 3.v.17 JHH


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065192
modified: 2006-10-27 11:56:39.877000
country: Türkiye
countryCode: TR
locality: Turkey
ScientificName: Glossostemon bruguieri
scientificNameAuthorship: Desf.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Glossostemon
specificEpithet: bruguieri
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  One of the ingredients of Moghaat, Rear Admiral Blomfield RN Alexandria 24.i. 96 Bazar va Alexandria a 2 fr ? OK a aux Bagdad.  couf. Figari Steud ?? p.389 Supposed to be the revalenta 'arabic' in the beginning of the ?? Opuscular source:110 Camron St, London EC 1 Jan 1879, Mr Holmes Pharm Soc Bloomsbury - Dear Sir. My friends have received the enclosed sample from Constantinople & have forwarded it to me to report on. I have no idea what it is nor have any of the friends I have shown itto. My friend Mr Moss (whose card I enclose) suggested my sending it to you and if you can give me any information I shall feel obliged. The ..?.. is very similar to gum tragacanth beyond which to me there is nothing noticeable. I remain Dear Sir yours truely A Mann. [Identified 8.7. 96]


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065195
modified: 2005-06-22 10:54:49.203000
country: Indonesia
countryCode: ID
locality: Java
ScientificName: Plantae
kingdom: Plantae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Report by John R Jackson Curator of Museum RBG Kew - At page 6, Vol III, 2nd series of the Pharmaceutical Journal for 1861-62, in the well-known 'Notes on Chinese Materia Medica', by the late Daniel Hanbury, is a notice of the 'Ta-hai-tsze' or 'boa-tam-paijang' the seeds of which were introduced into France many years since as a remedy for diarrhoea and dysentery. Though at the time of their introduction in 1854 they were quoted in the wholesale price list of a large Parisian druggist at about 3 pounds 13 shillings per pound, they were ascertained by careful tests to give no satisfactory results. In the notes above referred to, they are described as the fruits of Erioglossum (/) or Nephelium (?) but from specimens contained in the Kew Museum, which were apparently obtained from the first sample brought to Europe, and which have been named Erioglossum edule Bl., they seem upon comparison with authentic herbarium specimens to belong to Sterculia scaphigera, Wall. This plant differs in its fruits from most species of Sterculia. They are of a thin papery texture and follicular or boat shaped in form with veins or nerves running parallel the whole length. As the fruit ripens this follicle bursts, leaving the solitary erect seed which is attached to the base exposed to view. This seed is brown and wrinkled, and is accurately described and figured in Mr Hanbury`s notes. It seems that these seeds have been mistaken  for entire fruits, the large papery follicle which easily becomes detached not having been present in the samples described. Whether these seeds which are said to be produced in great abundance, can ever be utilized for any other purpose beside that for which they were first introduced is I think a point worth considering.Their extremely mucilaginous or gelatinous nature would seem to indicate some useful application.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065204
modified: 2007-01-25 17:16:39.757000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay
ScientificName: Helicteres isora
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Helicteres
specificEpithet: isora
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  History and uses - This is a tall shrub or small tree much resembling the common hazel; the flowers which are bright red and showy appear in the rains. In Sanskrit it is called 'Avartani'. The peculiar twisted form of the carpels has probably led to its use as medicine according to the ancient Doctrine of Signatures. Ainslie notices its use by the Hindus as a remedy for offensive sores inside the ears. At the present time it enters into most prescriptions, for the cure of griping in the bowels & flatulence especially in the case of children. Its chief virtue seems to be its harmlessness. Description - The fruit consists of five slender angular carpels twisted like a corkscrew and together forming a cone about 1.5 to 2 inches long. The carpels are pubescent and of a greenish brown colour; they contain a single row of dark brown angular seeds. The internal surface is of a light greenish hue and highly polished, taste mucilaginous. Medicinally we may consider this drug to be simply demulcent.Commerce - It is kept in all druggists' shops and as a domestic remedy is perhaps one of the best known articles in the Hindu Materia Medica. Value Rs. 3. 5 per Sur.... pound ...1/2 lbs (part missing)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065215
modified: 2006-09-04 17:51:05.803000
country: Fiji
countryCode: FJ
locality: Fiji
ScientificName: Melochia odorata
scientificNameAuthorship: L.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Melochia
specificEpithet: odorata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The Kura Loa as a shrub or small tree that grows in the bush open spaces and on creek banks. It flowers in January and well into May. It has cream-like blossoms and these are still to be found as late as June and as early as October. Seedsare often found in March at Ruku Ruka Bay, Vanua Levu.  The leaves of the Kura Loa are cordate, slightly serrated and feather veined and have long petioles. The flowers have 5 petals with stamens exserted and are borne in loose panicles. The calyx is cup-shaped. The fruit is a rich red. The leaves are used by the  Kai Viti medicinally, mostly for the cure of indigestion for which purpose they chew them and put the pulp in water, which is then drunk.  Notes by Richenda Parham, Suva, Fiji


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065220
modified: 1999-09-03 00:00:00
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Asia-Tropical
ScientificName: Abroma augustum
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) L.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Abroma
specificEpithet: augustum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Also a sample of bark (80) Abroma augusta - B.E.E. 1924 Indian Pav (BK Paul) the root bark is employed in the treatment of dysmenorrhoea


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065223
modified: 2010-04-21 14:57:58.373000
ScientificName: Adansonia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Adansonia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Valued at 14 pounds 5/- per ton, free in Liverpool or London in 1871 Miss E Gibbs see letter 229.1908 Letter dated 15th Dec 91, Dear Sir, Agreeable with your request I beg to hand you a fair commercial sample of Adansonia fibre the price of which today is 14 pounds 15/- per ton free in Liverpool or London.  Its very scarce but the great price almost excludes it from the paper makers the waste as you will see would be considerable in boiling and bleaching but when done it produces a magnificent pulp and as I told you your friends Colemans are using large quantities.  I believe it does not take a high percentage of caustic soda to boil in as Espento does, but you will see that Espento @ 81 is nearly as cheap again.  If at any time I can be of some service to you I shall have great pleasure in sending any substance or to give an opinion as to any fibre.  Wishing you every success in you present undertakings and that you will be able to give us poor papermakers a cheap and better fibre than isknown to the world at the present time.  That such fibres do exist I am perfectly well aware that they are plenty but for persons here the time and money to spare to develope  (sic) these things. You are the first I have found who has taken so much trouble and ..?.. to so large an expense. ND Edward (?)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065232
modified: 2025-09-12 11:38:56.557000
country: Switzerland
countryCode: CH
locality: Switzerland
ScientificName: Adansonia digitata
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Adansonia
specificEpithet: digitata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Four samples - Fancy braid for ladies hats, bleached Maputa, raw Matupa cloth and dyed matupa cloth (green)  4 samples of cloth. One plaited: c. 28x3cm strip each element c. 5cm 8 plait.  Label “ also bleached and dyed for ladies’ hat making. Label: EBN: 43.1894 Messrs Paul Walser & co. Wohlen, Switzerland. Maputa Cloth, raw, bleached, dyed and plaited. 4 Samples: fancy braids, bleached m., raw m, dyed m (green). Image 4 strips in glass case.  Notes by Ruth Stungo, transcribed by CJ. 


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065239
modified: 2006-08-23 09:53:01.687000
country: Zimbabwe
countryCode: ZW
locality: Rhodesia
ScientificName: Adansonia digitata
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Adansonia
specificEpithet: digitata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter 465.1917 : xii p.34 - V & A Museum, South Ken, London SW dated 29 Dec 1917, Dear Sir, Already an official acknowledgment of the receipt of the specimens of plants and fibres has been sent to Kew, but I feel I must thank you again for all the trouble you have taken in the matter; and say how very useful the specimens are and what interest they have excited in our own little exhibition.  Evidently as a result of this exhibition we have received from a London correspondent, a bundle of fibre from Rhodesia and a request for information as to its commercial value. Is this a matter which concerns you, or should we rather refer the question to the Natural History Museum? If the former we will send the fibre and letter or hearing from you.In the meantime I enclose a small sample. I am yours faithfully CE Cecil Tattershall. (to the Keeper of the Museums RGB Kew) Ackd asked to forward fibre addressed to Director 31.xii.17 Letter dated Jan 12th 1918, Mr Ogilvie, inform him in reference to thesample of fibre from Rhodesia (transmitted to Kew by the Director, V & A Museum) that appears to be the inner bast of the 'baobab' tree Adansonia digitata. The inner bark fibre of this tree has been imported to this country, chiefly from Portuguese West Africa, as a material for paper-making; but the trade in it has always been somewhat limited. Various local uses are attributed to the tree in Africa, India, etc and some further particulars are given in Kew Bulletin, Additional Series, ix part 1 pp 85-86(H.M. Stationery Office, Imperial House, Kingsway WC 2) The fibre submitted is not likely to be any value in England excepting perhaps for the purpose mentioned and it is open to question whether it could complete sucessfully or not with other paper making materials already coming into the market in large quantities.  'A sample of 'Baobab' tree bark from Southern Rhodesia was reported by commercial experts to be rough and coarse. It was stated however that the softer inner bark would probably be worth from 4 to 5 pounds per ton.' (Col Rep Misc Series No 58,1909 p.119)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065249
modified: 2019-06-18 10:58:48.843000
country: South Africa
countryCode: ZA
locality: South Africa, Umnyati River
ScientificName: Adansonia digitata
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Adansonia
specificEpithet: digitata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Bark of the baobab .... on a granite kopjie al Um Nyate River 1890. This is said to be as good as quinine in cases of fever it would be a great boon to the public here if Dr Hooker would make known its qualities and the manner in which it should be used. T Baines. Exhibited in Plants+People exhibition in Museum No.1, May 1998 to May 2016


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065250
modified: 2025-08-04 16:41:58.170000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, NW Provinces, Bundelkhund
ScientificName: Adansonia digitata
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Adansonia
specificEpithet: digitata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Exhibitor Divisional Forest Officer, Bundelkh and Division CC Thansi, NW Provinces. No 29


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065260
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Bengal
ScientificName: Bombax ceiba
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Bombax
specificEpithet: ceiba
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Forest Dept, Bengal No 23 Exhibitors name Imperial Forest Dept, Inspector of Forest Indian Museum


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065261
locality: South America
ScientificName: Bombax ceiba
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Bombax
specificEpithet: ceiba
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  It has been exported from British Guiana to the United States and used in the manufacture of 'silk' hats.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065292
country: Mexico
countryCode: MX
locality: Mexico
ScientificName: Bombax palmeri
scientificNameAuthorship: S.Watson
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Bombax
specificEpithet: palmeri
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter 171,1918 : xii p.86 Also a tube of seeds - Pringle 3840 ex Herb Kew JH, Mexico


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065293
modified: 2006-08-24 14:35:19.783000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Garwhal, Srinagar
ScientificName: Bombax ceiba
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Bombax
specificEpithet: ceiba
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  As used in a Hill School. This one evidently came from Srinagar, Garwhal which was destroyed by the Gohna lake flood, 1894. It was afterwrds picked up on the banks of the Ganges near Hurdwar by a forest Officer Pandit Sadanand Gairola Extra  Assistant Conservator of Forests, himself a native of Srinagar.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065295
modified: 2006-08-24 14:33:42.880000
ScientificName: Bombax
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Bombax
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  M.26-33 See copy of reply in Malvaceae Jan 25 1933 I see no reason why the 'Noisettes de Cayenne' should not be Pachira sp CRM 13.1.33


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065318
modified: 2004-07-20 12:19:25.410000
recordedBy: Spruce, Richard
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil, Amazonas, Rio Negro,
ScientificName: Ceiba samauma
scientificNameAuthorship: (Mart.) K.Schum.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Ceiba
specificEpithet: samauma
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Used by the Indians on the Amazon for wrapping round the end of arrows used with blow-pipes.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065320
modified: 2005-08-02 17:14:22.460000
country: Venezuela
countryCode: VE
locality: Venezuela
ScientificName: Ceiba
scientificNameAuthorship: Mill.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Ceiba
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter 396,1922 :xiv p.293 - 11.ix.22 The Director RBG Kew presents his compliments to the Director Imperial Institute and begs to acknowledge the receipt of his letter of the 2nd instant (No 3459/22) and in reply to say that the two samples of floss and seeds submitted for identification - from Venezuela - appear to be (1) Eriodendron sp or (2) Ochroma lagopus Mr Holland, We have no material of the species you suggest, not possible to determine JH


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065321
country: Mexico
countryCode: MX
locality: Mexico
ScientificName: Ceiba
scientificNameAuthorship: Mill.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Ceiba
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter 345,1918 : xii p.138 - Prof AL Herrera Direccion de Estudios Biologicos Mexico


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065346
modified: 2006-01-17 16:19:50.100000
country: Costa Rica
countryCode: CR
locality: Costa Rica
ScientificName: Ochroma pyramidale
scientificNameAuthorship: (Cav. ex Lam.) Urb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Ochroma
specificEpithet: pyramidale
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Pods of balsa, O.lagopus, Sw. Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. 985, 1783-87 collected by Mr F Nutter Cox HBM Consul San Jose Costa Rica at Guacimo Railway Bridge, on the Parismina Branch of the Costa Rica Railway on April 25 1917. See letter FNC to Director RBG Kew dated 1 May 1917. See letter 194,1917 : xi p.151


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065374
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Kashmir
ScientificName: Abutilon theophrasti
scientificNameAuthorship: Medik.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Abutilon
specificEpithet: theophrasti
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  One of the chief sources of fibre in the valley from naturally grown plants, which come up with the rice crop


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065375
modified: 2008-05-21 11:31:43.207000
country: Taiwan
countryCode: TW
locality: Formosa, Pinan
ScientificName: Abutilon
scientificNameAuthorship: Mill.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Abutilon
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The brownish bast is probably from a species of Abutilon, and is very similar to the bast of A.avicennae. The white material is made of cotton. LAB 7.5.14


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065389
modified: 2006-02-14 12:03:39.363000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China, Wenchow
ScientificName: Abutilon theophrasti
scientificNameAuthorship: Medik.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Abutilon
specificEpithet: theophrasti
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Corchorus capsularis, Wenchow, no commercial value in this form. The 'China Jute' which no doubt is a product of this bark is a regular article of sale in the London Market and its present value is about £19 per ton.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065396
modified: 2005-07-08 15:27:39.883000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay
ScientificName: Althaea officinalis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Althaea
specificEpithet: officinalis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  These three articles (flowers, roots, seeds) are imported into Bombay from Persia; the flowers have by some been attributed to A. rosea, but the carpels which may  be found mixed with them have not the membranaceous margin of those belonging to that plant, and the exterior calyx has from eight to nine divisions instead of six. The greater part of the drug consists of the calyx which is double, with the half mature petals attached, but some fully developed flowers are to be found and occasionally a nearly mature fruit. The calyx is thick and covered with simple hairs very closely set, and arranged in star-like tufts ; the flower has five petals, which in the dry article are of a bluish-green colour at the base, the blades being purple; bothcalyx and flowers are mucilaginous. Gul khairo is used in cough mixtures. The root known as khatmi appears to me to be the same as the guimauve of the French, but it is not decorticated, nor is it so plump and free from fibre ; it is used for the same purposes as that drug. Tukm i khatmi consists of the carpels, which are dark brown, ear-shaped, about three-tenths of an inch in the longest diameter; their external surface is hairy and furrowed ; the flat sides are also studded with white simple hairs, and the margin is plaited. The interior of the carpel is polished and of a grey colour; it contains one dark grey seed, similar in shape to the carpel, with a dull yellow kernel. Tukm i khatmi is mucilaginous. Dymock Pharm Journ


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065400
modified: 2012-03-22 10:33:32.450000
ScientificName: Althaea rosea
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Cav.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Althaea
specificEpithet: rosea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Niven 1837 - The stems were winnowed and put through 3 different hackles varying in strength and fineness, with a view to extract the woody 'Boon' (?) from the outer fibre. From the imperfect construction of the apparatus there were small pieces of the Boon, which the machinery was unable properly to separate causing the appearance of specks in the paper. 2. Considered worth 3/2d per lb more than best grey wrapping papers 3. Whole stem - Niven 1857, The only preparation the material underwent before being sent to the paper mill was beating of the whole stems with wooden mallets and boiling them in a strong caustic ?? to separate the mucilage outer coating of the bark.  The machinery at present used is not suited properly to disintegrate the woody fibre of the stem hence the cause of the specks which are visible in the paper when held up to the light. 4. Made by De la Rue Ho Norwich from fibre prepared by Niven - said ?? having been appointed by the 'Times' to test all paper materials sent in competition for the 1000 pounds prize (for best and cheapest substitute for rags in paper making)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065402
modified: 2006-06-09 14:51:53.960000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Bengal
ScientificName: Althaea rosea
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Cav.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Althaea
specificEpithet: rosea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Produced by steeping the stalks of the common garden Hollyhock specimen prepared by a native gardener (?) in the district of Bishnaghun Bengal


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065409
modified: 2006-06-12 16:08:38.297000
ScientificName: Althaea rosea
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Cav.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Althaea
specificEpithet: rosea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Showing a curious growth formed in the pith, probably an indirect result of injury. The internal curved cylinder is hollow and consists of the tissues of the stem in reverse order ie. the epidermis on the inner surface and the pith on the outer. AE Buckhurst County School, Richmond


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006541
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil
ScientificName: Plantae
kingdom: Plantae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Specific weight R.903. Resistance - bending 7 kls 900. crushing parallel to fibre 868. Uses: Vehicles, furniture, railway sleepers, handles, post and turning.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006542
ScientificName: Myrocarpus frondosus
scientificNameAuthorship: Allemão
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Myrocarpus
specificEpithet: frondosus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  From which a balsam, similar to Balsam of Peru was formerly obtained in Brazil. Labriuia preto.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065421
modified: 2006-07-03 15:22:03.153000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Abutilon indicum
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Sweet
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Abutilon
specificEpithet: indicum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Carpels not acute; plant very tomentose, hoary. A shrubby plant having a hoary appearance, covered all over with a dense silky tomentum of simple hairs, leaves cordate, unequally and sharply serrated; calyx five-cleft; pedicels axillary, jointed near the flowers, which are of an orange colour and open in the evenings; capsules truncated, longer than the calyx; carpels about twenty, not awned, hairy on the dorsam; seeds reniform, about 1/10th of an inch long and nearly as broad at the larger end, three in each carpel; testa very hard, dull brown, covered with simple hairs, rising from a conical base, which is attached to the testa by several radiating processes like roots. The seeds are mucilaginous and like many others having this propertyare supposed to be restoratives of the virile powers; they are kept in all the shops. The plant described was obtained by sowing the Bazaar seed.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065424
modified: 2006-07-03 14:49:46.367000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Goa
ScientificName: Althaea
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Althaea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The drug consists of several roots branching from a knotty woody stock, the largest being about as thick as the little finger. They are straight, unbranched and have a thin brown cortex covering a thick white farinaceous parenchyma in which are seen well-marked yellowish medullary rays spreading from a tough woody central column, the diameter of which is less than the semi-diameter  of the farinaceous portion. Examined under the microscope most of the cells of the farinaceous portion are seen to be filled with starch granules; but some large ones contain mucilage only. The central woody column abounds in large pitted vessels. When soaked in water the root gives out abundance of mucilage having a faintly bitter taste. Alti is used by the Portuguese at Goa as a substitute for Althaea, of which the native name appears to be a corruption. It is a stunted woody shrub, with cordate, serrated leaves. I have not seen the flowers or fruit. The roots when properly scraped and dried are very white and apparently an efficient substitute for the imported article.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065429
modified: 2006-07-03 15:18:34.403000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Abutilon indicum
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Sweet
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Abutilon
specificEpithet: indicum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The bark of this shrubby plant is used in Goa as a diuretic ; it occurs in long, thin, tough, fibrous strips, which are very strong and seem worthy of attention as a fibre. Externally it is striated and covered with a cinnamon-coloured epidermis; internally it is white and striated ; the striae appear to be produced by small interspaces between the fibrous bundles of which the bark is composed. The drug has a feebly astringent taste and by some is considered to be slightly bitter. The plant is a very common one and appears to flourish in poor soil and require little water; it is quite distinct from the variety which produces Bulbji.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065435
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Central Provinces, Kirkee, Ganeshkhind Botanic Garden
ScientificName: Gossypium arboreum var. neglectum
scientificNameAuthorship: (Tod.) G.Watt
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
specificEpithet: arboreum
infraspecificEpithet: neglectum
taxonRank: Variety
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Grown in Central Provinces, average yield of shed cotton per plant in tolas ; 1.6 Percentage of cotton to seed 3316. Length of staple in decimals of an inch :-.66


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065437
modified: 2006-05-18 11:24:49.543000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Dharwar, Ganeshkhind Botanic Garden
ScientificName: Gossypium hirsutum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
specificEpithet: hirsutum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  No 294 - Cutlivated at Dharwar, average yield of seed cotton per plant in tolas 1.6.  Percentage of cotton to seed 33.3. Market value Rs 250 per Kandy of 784 lbs. 'Soft Peruvian'


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065444
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Kirkee, Ganeshkhind Botanic Garden
ScientificName: Plantae
kingdom: Plantae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Grown in southern parts of Guzerati. Yield per plant of seed cotton in Tolas 1.8. Percentage of cotton to seed 38.4


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065446
modified: 2005-04-13 17:20:49.347000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Punjab
ScientificName: Gossypium herbaceum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
specificEpithet: herbaceum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  From Director of L.R. & Agriculture Punjab. Registration No 10318, file No 68 Form G.obtusifolium, Roxb. according to Dr Watt in a letter to Director dated India Museum Calcutta 10.3.98


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065447
modified: 2005-06-23 11:51:41.270000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Kirkee, Ganeshkhind Botanic Gardens
ScientificName: Gossypium nanking var. bani
scientificNameAuthorship: G.Watt
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
specificEpithet: nanking
infraspecificEpithet: bani
taxonRank: Variety
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Cultivated in Central Provinces. Average yield of seed cotton per plant in Tolas 1.6. Percentage of cotton to seed 33.3. Length of staple in decimals of an inch .60 No 37,  8 See Cotton Pl of the World 1907 p.132


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065450
modified: 2004-03-03 12:46:42.880000
recordedBy: Spruce, Richard
country: Peru
countryCode: PE
locality: Peru, Rio de la Chira, Monte Abierto
ScientificName: Gossypium peruvianum
scientificNameAuthorship: Cav.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
specificEpithet: peruvianum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Contents of a three celled capsule. Weight of cotton 35.5 grains. Weight of seeds 58 grains


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065457
country: Morocco
countryCode: MA
locality: NW Morocco, Mitafifi-Luma
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Lt-Col RHF Standen, La Calagoriere, letter 517/27 Marignane, B du Rh. France 18.vii.27


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065461
modified: 2006-07-24 17:37:35.227000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Madras, Tinnevelly
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The indigenous cotton of South India. They obtained the first three prizes at a spinning competition in Dohnavoor, Tinnevelly and may be regarded as fair specimens of best native hand spinning. They were spun by native Christian Women on the common spinning machine of the Hindoos.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065467
modified: 2007-01-24 12:22:18.583000
country: Sierra Leone
countryCode: SL
locality: Sierra Leone
ScientificName: Gossypium punctatum
scientificNameAuthorship: Schumach. & Thonn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
specificEpithet: punctatum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Ref C.L.F. 1390/205/1925 of 2nd June 1925 Letter 234,1925 : XVI p.111 MT Dawe Sierra Leone 'Nanga' Cotton named provisionally G.hirsutum same as 'Kwonde' or 'Quande' ?? Herbarium specimen 'In reply to your letter dated 27th July 1925 I have to inform you that the specimen of Nanga cotton has been identified as G.punctatum, of which G.hirsutum L. is the cultivated form. Pomporch cotton is G.peruvianum Cav., but the specimen received is rather more glabrous than usual' Sierra Leone Royal Gazette No 2265, 1925


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065469
modified: 2004-03-31 15:34:19.250000
recordedBy: Spruce, Richard
country: Peru
countryCode: PE
locality: Peru, Rio de La Chira, Monte Abierto
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Source: Museum entry book 1861-79, p 102: Seeds brought from temperate and cool regions of the Andes.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065474
modified: 2006-05-18 14:41:06.427000
country: Sudan
countryCode: SD
locality: Sudan, Blue & White Niles, Gezireh
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Can you give me further information on the variety of cotton from the Sudan that you reported upon in the course of June last. I enclose your letter on the subject together with the Brokers reports on the subject which may interest you to read, you will observe that they consider the cotton to resemble Smyrna or Greek growths, and a better cotton than any indigenous Indian growth: I also understand a few samples of the cotton bolls they were picked by Stanton Bey, the Mudor (?) of Khaltam in the middle of the Gazireh between the Blue and White Niles - Stanton Bey remarks the seed has been in the country ever since anyone remembers as I cannot find out if it was introduced or not.  It seems to me that the prospect of a remunerative cultivation off this product in the Sudan  appear very hopeful. WWA Fitzgerald Ex from letter to Director dated 30.12.01, Carrigora, Newmarket on Fergus, Co Clare, Ireland


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065476
modified: 2006-05-18 14:43:56.090000
country: Ghana
countryCode: GH
locality: Gold Coast, Labolaho
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Report on Sterile Cotton seeds, no fungus disease present. The shrivelled seeds do not contain an embryo and the cause of sterility is perhaps imperfect pollination. The reason for this can be determined with certainty on the spot. It may be owing to an excess of rain during the flowering period, absence of the necessary insects etc. (Director to Brit Cotton Growing Assoc, 15 Goss St, Manchester) See letter 89 Mar 10 1908


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065486
modified: 2006-06-09 11:55:57.840000
country: Vanuatu
countryCode: VU
locality: New Hebrides
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Cotton grown in the New Hebrides, nearly the same as Australian which is slightly longer in staple. Major T Chipp, RBG Kew.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065487
modified: 2006-05-22 16:17:28.287000
country: Antigua and Barbuda
countryCode: AG
locality: Antigua
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Messrs Mildred Goyeneche & Co, St Helens Place, London.  Sample of cotton stained with Pysdercus andreae L. (See letter 110, 1912, vii, p118)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065501
modified: 2006-07-20 17:36:15.707000
country: Liberia
countryCode: LR
locality: Liberia
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Cotton pronounced by an expert to be a sound staple but very rough and coarse.  It is clean, but highly coloured and is worth about 6 1/2? per lb. (Extract from letter Mr Walter Speakman, Asst Sec, Manchester Chamber of Commerce, May 13,1904, to Mr Hillier).


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065514
modified: 2006-05-19 12:26:26.550000
country: Mexico
countryCode: MX
locality: Mexico, San Bartolome Chiapas
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sample of cotton pods. Opuscular source:  From Brenchley To Col Prain, RBG Kew   Dear sir, In reply to your enquiry of 18th inst re sample of cotton pods, I beg to state that they were grown at San Bartolome State of Chiapas, Mexico, 16 1/4 degrees N and 6 1/2 degrees West of Mexico City, cultivated locally.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065530
modified: 2005-05-31 17:41:57.737000
recordedBy: Kirk J
country: Malawi
countryCode: MW
locality: East Africa, Lower Shire valley
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Cotton as it comes from the gin, an average specimen of that purchased from the natives in the Lower Shire Valley, Central Africa


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065534
modified: 2004-03-31 15:30:36.377000
recordedBy: Spruce, Richard
country: Peru
countryCode: PE
locality: Peru, Rio de la Chira, Monte Abierto
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Source:  Museum entry book 1861-79,  p102: Supposed native cottons often found in ancient Peruvian tombs.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065535
modified: 2004-02-02 16:06:08.307000
recordedBy: Spruce, Richard
country: Peru
countryCode: PE
locality: Peru, Rio De La Chira, Mont Abierto
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Contents of a four-celled capsule. Weight of cotton 54 grains. Weight of seeds 75 grains. No. 1.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065540
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay, Broach
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Bombay India No. 11 B 2821. Division 11 Manufactures, Materials, Machinery & Process Cotton Class 8. Source from whence seed obtained; Government Farm Broach. Exhibitors Name; Cotton Commissioner Bombay. Remarks; Broach variety. Cleaned byChurka.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065542
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Berar
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  India N 208. Government Cotton Farm in East Berar. Egyptian variety. To show the seed as produced in East Berar.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065543
modified: 2006-06-29 17:27:50.483000
country: Malawi
countryCode: MW
locality: British Central Africa
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Cultivated in an indifferent manner by the natives at Zomba. Label source:  Report by Elijah & Helm Esq. Chamber of Commerce, Manchester dated 9.1.96. Fibre of a woolly character clean & bright, apparently discoloured by insect stains, length of staple 1 1/8 inch to 1 3/16 varying considerably in strength but mostly very tender, probable value at present time about 4 1/4 per lb.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065545
country: Nigeria
countryCode: NG
locality: Nigeria
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  From Director (Dr Hill). Cotton Yarns of Natural colour and bleached, used in weaving the accompanying fabrics in Southern Nigeria.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065553
modified: 2017-01-10 09:30:11.253000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Madras
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Exhibitors name - Madras Social Committee Nos 19, 20,40, 50, 60, 70, 90, 100 and 200 Plants + People exhibition Museum No 1, Kew.  May 1998 to May 2016.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065554
modified: 2010-05-12 17:45:09.420000
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Muslin made of cotton grown in the hothouse at Oxford and worn at Court by my mother in 1800.  Queen Charlotte had requested that all who came to the drawing room on the birthday should wear British manufacture.  Her Majesty remarked to her that it was becoming the wife of the country member.  From the collection of Miss Harriet Blackmore deceased, daughter of Blackmore MP, for Prince of Mantua and Montferrat, 134 Elgin Rd, St Peters Park.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065555
modified: 2005-06-23 11:50:28.653000
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, Sydney
ScientificName: Gossypium herbaceum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
specificEpithet: herbaceum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This is very abundant.  Try to send seeds of the best specimens for cult if you have any.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065559
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Count no IV.  Bombay 26/3/1908, sample no 603, Count no 4,  Cross reed? Greaves Cotton & Co.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065566
modified: 2006-05-22 15:56:38.270000
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Paper made from cotton linters - the short fibre obtained from cotton seed, before crushing for oil, the fibre being removed from the seed by the Segundo Machine.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065567
country: Bolivia
countryCode: BO
locality: Bolivia
ScientificName: Gossypium peruvianum
scientificNameAuthorship: Cav.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
specificEpithet: peruvianum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Types 1 & 2 of Bolivian cotton fibre.  Letter 397, 1920, xiv p 7.  Reply, Aug 1920, copy in Malvaceae cover. JHH 24.8.20.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065568
modified: 2010-04-19 12:45:03.027000
country: Nigeria
countryCode: NG
locality: Nigeria, Oyo
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The green & yellow in the two pieces - are probably not native dyes as the cotton on closer examination seems to be an English product - finer than the native manufacture.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065571
modified: 2014-07-11 14:34:28.300000
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Pillow lace - Honiton, trimmed with Valenciennes, 18th century.  Italian 17th century. Cleaned, repackaged, and conserved by TCC, March 1996


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065573
modified: 2006-05-22 14:46:06.160000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Nos 5193, standard 442; no 5172A, standard 442; 5190 standard 600; 519 standard 607; 5194 standard 443; 5192 standard 607; 5191 standard 601; 5189 standard 603.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065574
modified: 2007-09-05 12:26:46.867000
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Dear Brierley, Here is the the bit of rope. You will find some stages prior to formation of free rounded pellets, I think, I mean a small crust on some fibres here and these. LAB 31.10.17 Thomas Hart, 12 & 14 Town Hall Street, Blackburn. 20.Oct 1917 - Following our correspondence in the early part of this year with reference to a peculiar deterioration in a piece of cotton driving rope. I have pleasure in sending you another piece of cotton rope which contains what appears to be a reddish sand. This is somewhat similar to the other pellets, but is quite different in some respects; viz its colour also that it burns readily. It attacks the cotton very fiercely as the present rope only lasted 4 months on the drive. Could you please say if this sand like matter is a fungus. I have noticed it in several old ropes lately: and wish to find out what is damaging the ropes. Letter 396, 1917: xii p.8 RBG Kew Nov 1st 1917, The Director RBG Kew presents his compliments to Mr Thomas Hart and begs to inform him in reference to his letter of October 20th that the samples of rope and the material like grains of sand sent at the same time have been examined. The grains appear to be of the same nature as the pellets in the previous sample. Their origin is attributed to friction causing disintegration of portions of the cotton fibre and rubbing of the fragments into hard grains, which may therefore be called small pellets. For the formation of definite pellets possibly the presence of a small amount of some greasy or sticky substance may be necessary. The sand like matter is not a fungus, but consists of cotton cellulose substance. No trace of any organic or chemical source of deterioration can be detected and the spoiling of the rope is apparenttly due to purely mechanical causes.  A small sample of the rope, which has not been used should be sent for comparison, and any available information as to the kind of mills or factories in which the rope has been found to deteriorate rapidly and asto whether instances of rapid spoiling have occurred especially where the air is very damp, since it is probable that moisture would give rise to increased friction. Memo on subject letter 396,1917, Mr Thos Hart - I thank you for you letter of Nov 7th and for you assurance that the cause of the deterioration in the rope is not due to the presence of a fungus. As desired I have pleasure in sending you samples of the two types of rope (unused) in which these pellets have been found. Up to know the phases where the pellets have been found in the rope are as follow:- (1) A cotton mill in China. This firm have used my ropes for many years and I have never had a complaint from them before. The ropes were to replace a similar set which had run for 8 years. (2) A cotton mill in South America. My ropes have been supplied for say 30 years to all parts of this continent and I have never had a similar complaint. (3) A woollen mill in Yorkshire.  (4) A colliery Fan Drive in Lancashire  (5) A colliery Fan Drive in Yorkshire. Letter November 28th 1917 signed LAB - Sample of cotton rope from Thos Hart, 12 & 14 Town Hall Street, Blackburn, submitted with letter dated 8th November 1917 An examination has been made of the further samples of rope (used and unused) in the specimen containing fine reddish sand the portion of yarn showing the character recognised as giving evidence of damp were especially examined for fungi or the effects of fungal growth. The mould consists solely of disintergrating cotton fibre, and there is no evidence that fungi or bacteria have at any time been present, or have taken part in its formation. The small piece of the rope which had run for 20 years contains a relatively small number of black pellets. These are fairly soft and can be rubbed out of shape between the fingers. The lubricant or some other greasy material, forms a considerable part of these pellets, cotton fibre, and distintergrated in shoret lengths being also present, at any rate in some of them. In being soft and decidedly greasy these pellets differ considerable from those previously examined and should cause little or no secondary damage in the rope. The general conclusion arrived at is that the formation of hard pellets of cotton substance inside ropes must be attributed to internal friction combined with damp and sufficient compression. The use of internal lubricant is indicated as a preventative, to be applied if possible to such surfaces as correspond to those on which pellets have been found in ropes showing rapid wearing.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065578
locality: Zambesi
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Two samples - No 1 produce of 'Sea Island Cotton seed' introduced at Tette by the Zambesi Exped 1859. No 2 Cotton seed with fibre attached raised at Tette from the Sea Island variety introduced by the Zambesi Exped 1859


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065586
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Ganeshkind Botanic Garden
ScientificName: Gossypium arboreum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
specificEpithet: arboreum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Cultivated in Gujarat Percentage of cotton to seed 26.06, length of staple in decimals of an inch . 55.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065598
modified: 2019-06-18 12:06:44.093000
country: United States
countryCode: US
locality: United States America, Georgia
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Gossypium sp not Gossypium barbadense L. as labelled. Label source:  Post card of Museum No. One. Photograph of case containing plant specimen from Georgia U.S. National Museum Washington. Case removed to North Gallery for Lacquer March 1927. J.H.H. purchased. Exhibited in Plants+People exhibition in Museum No.1, May 1998 to May 2016


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065599
modified: 2007-04-04 15:04:56.653000
country: United Kingdom
countryCode: GB
locality: Great Britain, England
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Tinder box & matches with burnt cotton rag. In general use throughout England till the invention of lucifers; now an object of great rarity.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065600
modified: 2019-06-18 12:14:34.397000
recordedBy: Spruce, Richard
country: Venezuela
countryCode: VE
locality: Venezuela, Orinoco,
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Guayacu or stout cotton cloth woven by the Piaroa Indians on the Orinoco and worn by them and the Maquitares. It is 5 or 6 feet long by about 20 inches wide and has a tassel at each corner. It is worn between the thighs secured by a stringpassing round the loins, and the free portion either hangs down behind or is passed up the back and over the left shoulder. Exhibited in Plants+People exhibition in Museum No.1, May 1998 to May 2016


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065601
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Specimens of very fine spun cotton yarn. A pound of No.1 is 84,000 yards in length. A pound of No.2 is 252,000 yards in length. A pound of No.3 is 504,000 yards in length or 286 miles.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065602
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Sikkim
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Apparatus used by Lepchas for weaving garters for Bhotean boots. Also samples of woven work. Used by Bhoteans & Tibetans. Label in foreign writing. Silk wrapper, purest? Thapa.? Garters, a present of ? ? wife.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065604
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Nagpur
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Central Provinces India. Class II 4159 No. 73 8 G. Ropes weighing 10lbs Exhibitors Name; Local Exhibition Committee Nagpur. School of Industry, Jabalpur. Price at place of production R 2 6-4-9 ?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065613
modified: 2005-04-08 15:16:50.900000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Standards 603 and 442.  Cross reel This cotton yarn was displayed at the Franco-British Exhibition in 1908. The Exhibition was held in London and celebrated the Entente Cordiale between the United Kingdom and France in 1904. Greaves Cotton & Co supplied this yarn for the Exhibition. This yarn was collected from Bombay.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065614
modified: 2008-02-25 14:21:41.917000
recordedBy: Maclean J
eventRemarks: Entry book: Curiosities from the Tombs of the Peruvian Aborigines.
country: Peru
countryCode: PE
locality: Peru
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Seen by David Beresford Jones (Cambridge University) : He suggests this is a central coast textile, very probably from the Chancay Valley, Late Intermediate Period c. 1200-1450 AD Has paired warps in plain weave, which according to Anne Pollard Rowe would be Chimu - supposedly from Chan Chan (capital). - Ref: 'Costumes and Featherwork of the Lord of Chimor'. (Though I don't believe that paired warp determination of provenance. - Many central coast textiles of the period have paired warps)  Refer to: Boston MFA catalogue 'To Weave for the Sun' and 'Textiles of Ancient Peru and Their Techniques' by R D'Harcourt


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065618
modified: 2005-07-06 10:06:37.020000
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: British Guiana
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Contributed by Miss Ross.  This is made of the wild cotton from the interior of the Colony, referred to in Sir R Schomburghks description of the British Guiana as remakable for its fine long staple, silky appearance and excellent quality.Full sized hammocks made  of this material, command a price from 3 to 4 times higher than those of English manufacture.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065620
modified: 2019-06-18 10:57:52.230000
locality: Borneo
ScientificName: Gossypium
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Cloth manufactured by Serebus and Sakarran Dyaks from cotton grown in their own country. Exhibited in Plants+People exhibition in Museum No.1, May 1998 to May 2016 Additional information fromTraude Gavin 20/09/2017: The textile is a warpikat (i.e. the warp threads have been pre-dyed to produce the pattern).  The red dye is Morinda citrifolia (known in Dayak as 'engkudu').  This is a skirt textile.  To become a garment the 2 fringed ends would have been sewn together to form a tube whichwould then be secured at the wearer's waist either by knotting, or by being hung over a thread worn around the waist.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065631
modified: 2018-01-11 17:10:29.750000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Assam
ScientificName: Malvaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Juss.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Purchased at Saffron Walden. Entry book notes: By purchase 10/6. Lace maker's bobbin winder. C Hagger, 2 & 3 George Street, Saffron Waldren


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065638
modified: 2006-03-17 15:35:54.790000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Malvaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Juss.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The model dates from the mid nineteenth century and is a typical example of the type of spinning wheel used throughout Asia.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065646
modified: 2008-02-19 16:19:51.420000
country: Grenada
countryCode: GD
locality: Grenada, Botanic Garden
ScientificName: Hibiscus abelmoschus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: abelmoschus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Valued at 14 pounds per ton. Known locally as 'Gumbo Miss' gives crop of fibre 4 months after planting and is easy to extract than any of the other fibres.  Good colour and moderate strength but the filaments are ....?.... which would lead to their being greatly broken in preparing them for spinning. We think however that it would meet with a market at 14 pounds per ton in London today. Report by Messrs Ide & Christie Sept 30 1891


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065647
country: Dominica
countryCode: DM
locality: Dominica
ScientificName: Hibiscus abelmoschus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: abelmoschus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter 28, 1926 XVI p.173 - Sample of Musk Ochra seeds from Bot Gard Dominica (letter No 798 of 31st Dec 1925) submitted for report.  The sample has been submitted to Messrs Bowyer & Bartleet. Produce Brokers, 147 Fenchurch Street London EC., who report that a consignment of two barrels each containing 1cwt of the seed from Grenada realised 2s 6d per lb at a recent Drug Sale in London. The present demand for these seeds is fairly good, but somewhat restricted. A better quality than the sample submitted is occasionally received from the Seychelles. The firm mentioned would be prepared to handle any seeds exported from Dominica.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065656
country: Netherlands
countryCode: NL
locality: Netherlands
ScientificName: Hibiscus elatus
scientificNameAuthorship: Sw.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: elatus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter 269,1915 : x p.69 dated August 10th 1915, Mr Denney, acknowledge the receipt of his letter of the 5th instant and in reply to say that the cigar wrapper submitted for identification appears to be 'Cuba bast'. This is a large tree native of the West Indies where it is known as 'Blue' or 'Mountain Mahoe'. The material under consideration is the inner bark or bast of the tree.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065659
country: Argentina
countryCode: AR
locality: Buenos Aires
ScientificName: Hibiscus esculentus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: esculentus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Govt Lab, Strand, London 14 August 1934 - I am sending herewith the beans about which I spoke over the telephone today. They have come from Buenos Aires and are simply described as dried 'beans'. The merchant states that they are for cooking and eating but is unable to give any further information. We are asked for their description and if possible their value. Sd JR Nicholls for Govt Chemist See Malvaceae Hibiscus for copy of reply


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065660
modified: 2007-03-08 12:16:49.420000
country: Liberia
countryCode: LR
locality: Liberia, Tripoli
ScientificName: Hibiscus esculentus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: esculentus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Dr Allenson was in Tripoli this Christmas and bought the enclosed to eat. Will you kindly let him know what they are and add them to your museum. They are muscilaginous. Let him know if you would like some sweet acorns (Quercus excota ?). He has some which he will willingly send you if you would like them for the Kew Museum. Dr Allenson is a vegetarian and is always on the prowl for new foods in the vegetable line. North Africa and Turkey


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065668
country: Cuba
countryCode: CU
locality: Cuba
ScientificName: Hibiscus esculentus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: esculentus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  H.esculentus, the sample shows the fibre to be evidently stronger than jute.  Imperfectly cleaned and very yellow in colour. They value it at 18 to 20 pounds per ton today in London. It is possible that the colour could be greatly improvedby more careful preparation. In that cast its value might be increased by 4 or 5 pounds per ton. We cannot imagine it possible that fibre of this type could have been found worth 40 pounds per ton last year as stated to the Consul and mentioned in his report. Ide & Christie 30.9.90 See Kew Bull Oct 1890 p.230


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065688
country: Egypt
countryCode: EG
locality: Egypt
ScientificName: Hibiscus sabdariffa
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: sabdariffa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter dated 26.iii.30, Dear Sir, I beg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 22nd inst and in reply to say that the so-called 'Sudanese Tea' from Egypt, submitted for identification, appears to consist of the ripe fleshy calyces of H.subdariffa, cultivated in most tropical countries. The calyces are commonly used for making jellies and preserves and a beverage is also made from them. The shrub is known as 'Rozelle', 'Red Sorrel' and 'Indian Sorrel' Yours Faithfully Director.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065697
modified: 2005-07-08 14:49:35.943000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Assam
ScientificName: Hibiscus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  M398-32, fibre for name and if a commercial proposition 'which a tea planter found growing in Assam and which is not at present being utilised for fibre purposes' Edwin Wigglesworth, Adelaide House, King William Street EC4 dated 29 May 1932 Reply see copy in Malvaceae Hibiscus sp asked for herb specimens Mr Holland - of the various fibres with which I have compared it is most similar to H.sabdariffa. I should think it belongs to the genus Hibiscus, but I should not like to be too certain about the species. CRM 25.5.32


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065708
country: Wallis and Futuna
countryCode: WF
locality: Wallis`s Island
ScientificName: Hibiscus tiliaceus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: tiliaceus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The fibre is used to strain the root or stem of Kava, Piper methysticum Forst, from the liquor after it has been chewed and before it is drunk.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065711
modified: 2006-11-09 14:16:54.003000
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil
ScientificName: Hibiscus radiatus
scientificNameAuthorship: Cav.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: radiatus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Keeper of Museum - Please send the original prospectus of 'Canhamo Brasiliensis perini' by Bearer, for re-examination of the figure. It is possible that more than one species may be cultivated under the name. Figures agree with H.radiatus stem of the plant, valuble for converting into wood pulp for paper making fibre of three months growth and five month growth cloth from the 5 months growth fibre


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065716
modified: 2007-04-17 15:31:52.187000
ScientificName: Hibiscus elatus
scientificNameAuthorship: Sw.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: elatus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  See letter dated May 17,1932. Mr Holland, of the fibres you gave me for comparison ? ? sent to be identified is similar to Hibiscus elatus. I think it must be closely related to it if not identical with this species. C.R.M. 23/05/1932.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065718
modified: 2007-08-16 12:54:18.607000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: Ningpo
ScientificName: Malvaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Juss.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Chekiang Ningpo prepared hemp ? locally known as white hemp. Another called here yellow hemp.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065719
country: Sri Lanka
countryCode: LK
locality: Sri Lanka
ScientificName: Hibiscus surattensis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: surattensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Naapiritta. Kashlee kuray ? Prepared and plaited by the inmates of the Ceylon Lunatic Asylum.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065723
modified: 2025-09-16 09:49:46.107000
country: Samoa
countryCode: WS
locality: Samoa
ScientificName: Hibiscus tiliaceus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: tiliaceus
occurrenceRemarks:
- These are reef sandals, they could be potentially made from pandanus (the exterior bark) as hibiscus is usually used for other things, but it could be Fau - beach hibiscus.  Notes by Jimmy Ma'ia'i, Pacific Collection Manager - Auckland Museum


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065744
modified: 2006-07-24 16:50:08.910000
country: Grenada
countryCode: GD
locality: Grenada
ScientificName: Hibiscus esculentus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: esculentus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Grows readily in almost any soil.  Gives ? at 4 months but is not as easily extracted as Musk okroe. Good colour and moderate strength but the filaments are much interlaced which would lead to them being much broken in preparing them for spinning.  We think however that it would meet with market at 14 pounds sterling per ton 30 Sept 1891


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065748
locality: North Formosa
ScientificName: Hibiscus tiliaceus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: tiliaceus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  It is stripped from the tree with a heavy, sharp knife and used for caulking purposes. Sold in bundles of one piece each, like this specimen.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065762
modified: 2006-06-09 14:23:18.013000
country: Nicaragua
countryCode: NI
locality: Nicaragua
ScientificName: Hibiscus tiliaceus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: tiliaceus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  See letter 88.1908, The National Assembly on the 14th Jan. last approved a Presidential degree granting to Mr Rafael Caldera G. a concession to collect in the National Forests, the sole right to export the bark of the tree known in Nicaragua as the 'Majagua' (Hibiscus tiliaceus).  The trees are very abundant in the National Forests and although the bark has never yet been exported from Nicaragua it has always been used by the natives in place of ordinary string, and is occasionally madei nto rope.  The process of preparation is simply by stripping the bark in lengths from the trees and drying it for about two days in the sun; the strips are then divided in threads of the desired thickness.  By parcel-post I have to-day forwarded to you a sample of the dried bark. (Extract from the letter HF Bingham, HB Consul at Greytown, Nicaragua 3rd Feb 1908, to Sir Ed. Grey Bart, Foreign Office.)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065773
modified: 2007-01-19 10:28:49.833000
recordedBy: Ralph TS
country: New Zealand
countryCode: NZ
locality: New Zealand
eventDate: 1852-01-01 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 00/00/1852
ScientificName: Hoheria
scientificNameAuthorship: A.Cunn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hoheria
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Ralph`s New Zealand, collected by TS Ralph, chiefly in the neighbourhood of Wellington, c. 1849-52


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065778
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Kydia calycina
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Kydia
specificEpithet: calycina
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Exhibitor - Deputy Conservator of Forests, Ganges District, Central Circle , Lansdown


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065784
modified: 2006-07-17 17:15:01.240000
country: United Kingdom
countryCode: GB
locality: Isle of Man
ScientificName: Lavatera arborea
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Lavatera
specificEpithet: arborea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Oct 19th 1918 Fibre of Lavatera arborea L. sent by Mr Hilton, Athol Park, Port Erin, Isle of Man to Ministry of Munitions. (See letter 439, 1918;XII.p.161) H ? Laurie Chairman Chemical Waste Products Committee, Ministry of Munitions. J.H.H. Copy in Herbarium.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065785
modified: 2010-07-05 16:30:54.917000
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, Melborne
ScientificName: Lagunaria patersonia
scientificNameAuthorship: (Andrews) G.Don
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Lagunaria
specificEpithet: patersonia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fibre prepared from the bark of Lagunaria patersonii (Aiton). Habitat, Queensland and Norfolk Island. Habit and properties; A very beautiful tree, of pyramidal habit, bears pretty rosy-pink flowers. Fibre strong and glossy, fit for cord, matting & c.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065788
country: United Kingdom
countryCode: GB
locality: Great Britain, Durham, Norton
ScientificName: Lavatera arborea
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Lavatera
specificEpithet: arborea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  2 years old. Grown at Norton, Durham from seeds brought from Ireland. John Hogg Esq. MA FRS.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065792
modified: 2010-02-23 10:45:31.853000
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: British Guiana
ScientificName: Malachra alceifolia
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Malachra
specificEpithet: alceifolia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  H1627/29. Envelope of fibre; Urena lobata Malvaceae being grown in Brit. Guiana; Urena lobata, urena sineata ? & Malachra capitata.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065793
ScientificName: Lavatera arborea
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Lavatera
specificEpithet: arborea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Specimenof Brotex grown at Hale. Fibre of flowering specimen named in Herb. 24/1931 June 1931.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065794
modified: 2006-11-10 16:22:27.950000
ScientificName: Malva sylvestris
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Malva
specificEpithet: sylvestris
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Fibres of the common mallow, Malva silvestris, prepared for spinning by James Yates. Also specimen of the bark, and fibres in a coarser state. See Yates` Textrinum Antig.? Book II ch. 3. J Yates supports the 'Vistis Molochina', or mallow cloth, so much admired by the ancients, to have been woven from this fibre. p.301, & c.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065798
ScientificName: Malachra capitata
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Malachra
specificEpithet: capitata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A shrub which occurs in South America, India and elsewhere. It yields a long fibre which has been considered as a substitute for jute.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065804
modified: 2016-12-13 12:09:02.860000
country: Mexico
countryCode: MX
locality: Mexico, Oaxaca
ScientificName: Malvaviscus drummondii
scientificNameAuthorship: Torr. & A.Gray
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Malvaviscus
specificEpithet: drummondii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  It grows by seed easily but also as easily by stumps.  It is a perennial.  B6  By either way it bears first crop in six months, and then it can be cut again once or twice in the year.  It grows in all kinds of soil, rich, poor, hard, sandy, dry or damp.  Each cutting will yield nearly one ton of nett dry fibre per acre, that is two tons a year per acre.  The culture is easy and inexpensive and I am now arranging for the proper system.  It can be made a splendid auxiliary crop between rubber. Its staple can attain 3 or 4 metre and I believe it can be so treated as to be spun as cotton or fibre. (Letter 567, 1913, viii, p196. Stuart R Cope, 6th Nov, 1913, to Director).  Very good colour, well cleaned excellent length and fair strength. Very similar to Calcutta Jute.  Today's value 25 pounds sterling per ton.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065808
modified: 2010-07-05 16:31:16.567000
country: New Zealand
countryCode: NZ
locality: New Zealand
ScientificName: Plagianthus betulinus
scientificNameAuthorship: A.Cunn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Plagianthus
specificEpithet: betulinus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A slender branched graceful tree attaining a height of 70 ft.  The inner bark is of a most delicate lace like texture


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065810
modified: 2006-08-07 16:15:09.163000
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, Victoria
ScientificName: Plagianthus pulchellus
scientificNameAuthorship: (Willd.) A.Gray
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Plagianthus
specificEpithet: pulchellus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A pretty and graceful shrub or small tree, chiefly inhabiting river banks.  Its bark supplies a fibre of excellent quality, which might be converted into textile fabrics, fishing lines or nets and many other articles of domestic value.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065816
modified: 2006-08-07 16:10:59.537000
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Rio de Janeiro
ScientificName: Sida cordifolia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sida
specificEpithet: cordifolia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Received from Lt Col Thurston on 6 Oct 1924 - Recommended as an intestinal douche.  Packet of leaves from J Monteiro da Silva & Co, 38 Rua de S Pedro, Rio de Janeiro. Opuscular source:  Letter no 1 (or 401?) 1924, xvi p47.  H1458-24.  Report on Malvas from Lt Col EH Thurston.  The material received for ident is very fragmentary but there can be little doubt that it is S cordifolia L. This sp is common in waste places and roadsides in Brazil and is employed medicinally for its emollient properties (Martius, Flora Brasiliensis, vol xii, pars iii p 592)  No record of S cordifolia as possessing deleterious properties has been found.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065831
modified: 2007-05-18 16:27:35.997000
country: Malaysia
countryCode: MY
locality: Perak, Kuala Kangsar
ScientificName: Sida rhombifolia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sida
specificEpithet: rhombifolia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Result of 240 stems weiighing freshly cut after lopping off the side branches, net 15lb.  weight of dry fibre 8oz =4%


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065839
modified: 2007-04-17 16:41:55.747000
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: Guyana
ScientificName: Sida micrantha
scientificNameAuthorship: A.St.-Hil.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sida
specificEpithet: micrantha
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  JB Woolley, Sundridge Mansion Hotel, Bromley, Kent. Plant grows 7 feet high Identified by Mr Boodle (25.ii.27) as apparently either that of Urena lobata or of some other plant belonging to the same family (Malvaceae) JHH


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065842
modified: 2007-08-16 12:48:33.700000
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Australia, Queensland
ScientificName: Sida rhombifolia var. retusa
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Griseb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sida
specificEpithet: rhombifolia
infraspecificEpithet: retusa
taxonRank: Variety
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mr Felgate, a gentleman who, in conjunction with Mr Walter Hill, has for some time past, devoted considerable energy and skill in testing the fibrous qualities of the indegenous weed Sida retusa, is now engaged in cutting the plant in large quantities from the vacant lands in and around the city. He has already obtained several cart loads from small patches within the precincts of the city and as the field is very large we imagine he will have no difficulty in supplementing the quantity to almost any extent. We have had an opportunity of inspecting some of the fibre produced by Mr Felgate, which possesses the qualities of extreme fineness and silkiness of texture; qualities which are decidedly in favour of its success as a commercial commodity. It may be as well perhaps to remind our readers that an order has been received from an English manufacture for 3000 tons of the fibre at 30 pounds per ton.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065862
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: British Guiana, Georgetown
ScientificName: Urena lobata
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Urena
specificEpithet: lobata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Prepared in Georgetown Botanic Garden. Valued at 14 pounds sterling per ton in London 17.11.1892.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065863
modified: 2006-07-27 15:21:23.193000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China, Penang
ScientificName: Urena lobata
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Urena
specificEpithet: lobata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Used to adulterate patchouli. This sample shows the condition in which it is mixed with patchouli. Found growing wild in waste places and in Cocoa-nut plantations near the coast.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065870
modified: 2025-08-04 16:41:58.097000
country: Grenada
countryCode: GD
locality: Grenada
ScientificName: Wissadula rostrata
scientificNameAuthorship: (Schumach. & Thonn.) Hook.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Wissadula
specificEpithet: rostrata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Value 14 pounds sterling per ton. Label source:  Known in Trinidad as 'Maholtine'. Grows anywhere, gives a fibre sometimes over 10 feet long. Good colour and moderate strength but the filaments are much interlaced which would lead to often being greatly broken in preparing ? for spinning. We think however that it would meet with a market at 14 pounds per ton in London today. Report of Messrs Ide & Christie Sep. 30.1891.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065871
modified: 2006-08-07 16:38:37.983000
country: Trinidad and Tobago
countryCode: TT
locality: Trinidad
ScientificName: Wissadula rostrata
scientificNameAuthorship: (Schumach. & Thonn.) Hook.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Wissadula
specificEpithet: rostrata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Report by Messrs Ide & Christie, 72 Mark Lane EC 8.11.1899. Abutilon periplocifolium, bundle of raw skins - no value.  Fibre from above - length very good, colour, good white, strength is poor.  Preparation imperfect, similar to  China Jute but softer.  Will sell fairly well.  Suggested trial 10 tons promptly.  Two stems sent to show how straight they grow.  Seeds sown March 13, 1899.  Crop cut Ap 28. 1899 (Sic).  Yield per acre raw strippings dried as send 1.089 tons.  Yield per acre of clean bast fibre 9.25 cwts.  Cleaned material was retted four days then scraped and dried.  Clean material 42 per cent of raw strippings.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065872
modified: 2006-08-08 15:40:22.803000
country: Trinidad and Tobago
countryCode: TT
locality: Trinidad
ScientificName: Wissadula rostrata
scientificNameAuthorship: (Schumach. & Thonn.) Hook.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Wissadula
specificEpithet: rostrata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Daated 19th Oct 1889.  The following report was made by Ide & Christie on this fibre. The sample prepared by retting is in every way, except colour, superior to that prepared by scraping.  Samples of fibre from stems of about 5 months growth in ordinary soil in the Trinidad Garden.  The plant is more prolific than ramie - longer and produced more fibre


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065886
country: United States
countryCode: US
locality: US America
ScientificName: Gossypium herbaceum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Gossypium
specificEpithet: herbaceum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Contains resin and fixed oil with traces of sugar starch etc.  An equivalent of Ergot.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065891
modified: 2006-08-08 16:20:26.223000
country: Ghana
countryCode: GH
locality: Africa, Gold Coast
ScientificName: Hibiscus abelmoschus
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: abelmoschus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Used by natives of Africa.  The former (fan) is of leaves of Ahoomneh, and the latter of seeds of plant called Incroma-hom in the Fantee language.  Presented by Joseph Smith Esq a native of Gold Coast, and a pupil in the Lab of the Pharm Soc.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065894
modified: 2006-08-07 16:20:23.873000
country: Iran
countryCode: IR
locality: Persia
ScientificName: Malva sylvestris
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Malva
specificEpithet: sylvestris
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The fruit is a common bazar drug and is imported from Persia.  It consists of 10 to 12 glabrous wrinkled carpels, each containing one renifom seed.  Some of it is mature, but at least half of it is in various stages of immaturity.  A portion of the thin papery calyx is attached to the fruit.  In a good fresh sample a few deep blue flowers may be seen, as well as a number of peduncles of unequal length, and occasionally a petiole surmounted by the 5 nerved base of the leaf.  Although I havenot raised the plant from seed I think there can be little doubt that this drug is derived from M sylvestris.  Khambazee is mucilaginous.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065896
modified: 2006-08-08 16:00:58.133000
country: Sudan
countryCode: SD
locality: Kordofan
ScientificName: Hibiscus sabdariffa
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Hibiscus
specificEpithet: sabdariffa
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Used to purify the blood. Infused then sweetened with sugar is drunk as beverage. This is much used.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065912
modified: 2006-08-08 15:45:03.167000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Sida acuta
scientificNameAuthorship: Burm.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Malvaceae
genus: Sida
specificEpithet: acuta
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The root of this plant is in general use as a diuretic and demulcent; it can hardly be classed as a bitter. I found it in all the Goa shops. It appears to be more used there than in Bombay. The root is small woody and fibrous, the stock not more than 1/4 of an inch in diameter. The bark is of a light yellowish brown colour. Sida cordifolia is sometimes used for the same purpose. The lower part of the stem with a few leaves attached may always be found in parcels of these drugs and enables them to be distinguished one from the other. Sida acuta has smooth lanceolate and serrated leaves, Sida cordifolia cordate and tomentose leaves.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065935
modified: 2006-08-08 16:08:03.910000
country: Malaysia
countryCode: MY
locality: Malaya
ScientificName: Balanocarpus heimii
scientificNameAuthorship: King
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Balanocarpus
specificEpithet: heimii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The cause of this condition of the resin is not fully understood. It is troublesome in varnish-making and causes cloudiness.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065954
modified: 2025-10-03 10:41:32.710000
country: Malaysia
countryCode: MY
locality: Malaya
ScientificName: Balanocarpus
scientificNameAuthorship: Bedd.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Balanocarpus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This is the hardest of damars and although comparatively dark in colour, yields a pale varnish


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065966
modified: 2006-08-01 16:41:54.817000
recordedBy: Heinig RL
country: Bangladesh
countryCode: BD
locality: Chittagong
ScientificName: Dipterocarpus turbinatus
scientificNameAuthorship: C.F.Gaertn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Dipterocarpus
specificEpithet: turbinatus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Comm. H B Cale ? Sent over from No. IV Feb 1928. No entry ? found  in Mr Gambles words - presented after his death (16th Oct 1925).


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065969
country: BU
countryCode: BU
locality: Burma
ScientificName: Dipterocarpus tuberculatus
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Dipterocarpus
specificEpithet: tuberculatus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Presented by the Reporter on Economic Products to the Government of India. From Inspector General of Forests to Govt of India. Registration No. 10331 File No. 61. Solid Extract


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006597
country: Australia
countryCode: AU
locality: Western Australia
ScientificName: Plantae
kingdom: Plantae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Height 10 to 15 ft., diameter 4 to 10 in. A large growing bushy shrub. Value of the wood at present unknown.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065986
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Upper Assam, Naga Hills
ScientificName: Dipterocarpus gracilis
scientificNameAuthorship: Blume
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Dipterocarpus
specificEpithet: gracilis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  A very large forest tree at the foot of the Naga Hills on the banks of the Seching? River.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000065990
modified: 2006-08-07 16:35:08.283000
country: BU
countryCode: BU
locality: Burma, Moulmein
ScientificName: Dipterocarpus obtusifolius
scientificNameAuthorship: Teijsm. ex Miq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Dipterocarpus
specificEpithet: obtusifolius
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The fruit of the Dipt. called Eng by the Burmese - this fruit however was gathered off very small stunted tree, at the top of Limetree Hills??, near Moulmein 800 ft? Whether it is the same sp as grows in the plains (100ft) I am not sure. Ihave never found fruit in the plains nor compared the leaves of the 2.  Many Burmese names are generic - they have a district name for the wood oil tree Ka-nyeen nee.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066015
modified: 2005-06-23 12:12:06.350000
country: BU
countryCode: BU
locality: Burma
ScientificName: Dipterocarpus costatus
scientificNameAuthorship: C.F.Gaertn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Dipterocarpus
specificEpithet: costatus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Kauyin midein Torches filled with rotton wood saturated with the oil of Dipterocarpus and enclosed with leaves of Thaban bain (Pandanus sp) DR Cleghorn


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066017
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Andaman Islands
ScientificName: Dipterocarpus turbinatus
scientificNameAuthorship: C.F.Gaertn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Dipterocarpus
specificEpithet: turbinatus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  No 71 - As these do not burn as readily as the To-ug (No 70) they are rarely used outside their huts.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066041
modified: 2006-02-16 10:36:01.393000
country: Malaysia
countryCode: MY
locality: Sarawak
ScientificName: Isoptera borneensis
scientificNameAuthorship: Scheff. ex Burck
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Isoptera
specificEpithet: borneensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Ridley; Flora Malay Peninsula, I p. 245. 22.9.1923. British Museum (Natural History) Mr J Hewitt (who now lives in S. Africa, at Grahamstown (I think)) offers this vegetable fat (extracted by pressure from the seeds of 'Teglam' in Sarawak)to the Dept of Botany, but requests that if the Keeper does not want it, will he pass it on to Kew where Mr Hewitt believes there is no sample of it?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066046
country: Malaysia
countryCode: MY
locality: British North Borneo
ScientificName: Hoppea
scientificNameAuthorship: Willd.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Gentianaceae
genus: Hoppea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Miniak Tankawan Vegetable Tallow, from large berries of Hopea sp. Used for frying fish, making cakes , and lubricating machinery.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006606
modified: 2006-11-08 14:37:38.643000
country: Belize
countryCode: BZ
locality: British Honduras, Belize
ScientificName: Piscidia erythrina
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Piscidia
specificEpithet: erythrina
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Large straight tree attaining a height of 80 to 100 feet . Its diameter is from 24 to 30 inches. It is used locally for the rollers of sugar mills.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066067
locality: Borneo
ScientificName: Shorea martiniana
scientificNameAuthorship: Scheff.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Shorea
specificEpithet: martiniana
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Seeds said to furnish vegetable tallow, reported to come from China. Carl Cordua Hamburg 1880.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066091
modified: 2005-07-05 16:54:57.803000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, NW Provinces, Bhira
ScientificName: Shorea robusta
scientificNameAuthorship: C.F.Gaertn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Shorea
specificEpithet: robusta
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mixed with wood ashes after the extraction of oil (It has been boiled with wood ashes)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066102
modified: 2008-02-20 11:01:18.863000
ScientificName: Shorea
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb. ex C.F.Gaertn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Shorea
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Note D6481/54/M Dear Sirs, I have received your letter of 28th August enclosing seeds under the name of Illipe for ident.  There is confusion as you point out in the use of this name.  The sample which you sent consists of the kernels of a sp of Shorea and agrees well with our specimens of S. stenoptera, the source of Borneo tallow.  The meal left after extraction of the oil was analysed some 30 years ago at the Imp Inst and was about 11% protein - a suitable feed, though less valuable than palm kernel cake.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066103
ScientificName: Shorea stenoptera
scientificNameAuthorship: Burck
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Shorea
specificEpithet: stenoptera
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Usually brown in colour See letter 83,1915 : X p.8 See Bull Imp Inst xiii No 3 July-Sept 1915 p.340 JHH 10.xi.15


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066104
country: Malaysia
countryCode: MY
locality: Sabah
ScientificName: Shorea
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb. ex C.F.Gaertn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Shorea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Illipe from B.N.Borneo. The fruits are allowed to soak in rivers whereby the shells are broken and the removal of the kernels facilitated. Shorea sp near penang ?? Scheff.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066116
modified: 2010-04-22 14:29:23.973000
country: Singapore
countryCode: SG
locality: Singapore, Keppel Harbour
ScientificName: Shorea collina
scientificNameAuthorship: Ridl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Shorea
specificEpithet: collina
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  T Drewry, 58 Claremont Rd, Forest Gate. The wood belongs to one of the Dipterocarpaceae apparently a species of Shorea. It may perhaps be Shorea collina, for which Burn-Murdoch (Trees & Timbers of the Malay Peninsula, part 1 p.13) gives the vernacular name of Balau bukit LAB 28.8.17 Ballah is a heavy hard wood much used in the Straits Settlements where it grows.  Ballah Bunga (or flowering ballah) is said to be of a better quality than ordinary ballah, it has a long straight grain and is  much used for beams it has a more pungent smell than ordinary ballah. In 1905 Bunga ballah cost 45 dollars per ton in the rough in Singapore, since then all ballah wood has become more appreciated and costly, the ballah pile from which this specimen was cut was drawn up in 1907 in Keppel Harbour.  From its appearance it had not been in the water for water. Signed by Thos Drewry. Letter - Peninsula & Oriental Steam Navigation Co, Royal Albert Docks London 26 June 1916, J Masters Hilliers Esq, Dear Sir, Enclosed please find a short description of Ballah wood and the specimen sent herewith. The specimen clearly shows the ravages of the Toledo worm which is very active in those waters. To my best belief I have spelled Ballah and Bunga correctly but am not very sure. Trusting that it will be of interest to you. I remain Sir Yours faithfully Thos Drewry.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066126
modified: 2006-11-09 12:48:39.897000
country: Malaysia
countryCode: MY
locality: Perak
ScientificName: Shorea
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb. ex C.F.Gaertn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Shorea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Torch made of the bark of Polo Glan resin & oil enclosed in leaves called Damer Inchong.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066131
modified: 2025-10-03 10:41:32.733000
ScientificName: Shorea
scientificNameAuthorship: Roxb. ex C.F.Gaertn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Shorea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The origin of this resin is different from that of the true damars. It is secreted in hollows of trees by a small insect.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066146
ScientificName: Shorea stenoptera
scientificNameAuthorship: Burck
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Shorea
specificEpithet: stenoptera
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  (See letter 83, 1915: X.p.8) Scientific Department Imperial Institute See Bull. Imp. Inst. XIII.No. 3 July -Sept 1915, p.339. JHH 10.XI.15.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000006615
modified: 2006-10-25 14:45:13.057000
country: Trinidad and Tobago
countryCode: TT
locality: Trinidad
ScientificName: Platymiscium platystachyum
scientificNameAuthorship: Griseb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fabaceae
genus: Platymiscium
specificEpithet: platystachyum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Attractive reddish brown wood. It is heavy about 60 lbs. per cubic foot, close grained, hard & sometimes figured. It stands outdoor exposure well.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066165
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Vateria indica
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Vateria
specificEpithet: indica
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Tallow is obtainable in most bazaars and sells in Mangalore at 2 annas 3 pies per lb. retail.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066175
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: Andaman Islands
ScientificName: Dipterocarpaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Blume
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Resin wrapped in large leaf. It is used when travelling, fishing, or dancing by night.  The resin is obtained from a large tree called MAIT by the natives who often use it for making canoes.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066203
ScientificName: Dipterocarpus turbinatus
scientificNameAuthorship: C.F.Gaertn.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Dipterocarpus
specificEpithet: turbinatus
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Prepared and presented by Professor ?lueley (?) March 1878, see P.J. (3) viii p.725 C28 H46 O2


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066204
modified: 2006-09-25 14:56:08.030000
country: Sri Lanka
countryCode: LK
locality: Sri Lanka
ScientificName: Doona gardneri
scientificNameAuthorship: Thwaites
kingdom: Plantae
family: Dipterocarpaceae
genus: Doona
specificEpithet: gardneri
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Two samples - Doona gardneri GHK Thwaites, Ceylon, from GHK Thwaites with a specimen of the plant Resina Doona zeylanica Thwaites, resin of a tree called Doon or Doon gaba, Nat Order Dipteraceae. Very abundant in parts of the Central Provinces, Ceylon, see letter GHK Thwaites on the subject, also notes on the examination of this resin. DH


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066244
modified: 2006-10-23 15:18:44.463000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  White tea imported into Persia  from China, and consumed only in Yezo. Report by Messrs Gow, Wilson and Stanton, 13 Rood Lane EC, Dated 13,8,96. This class of tea has been very scarce during the last few years upon the London market and the price the English trade were prepared to pay being very unsatisfactory with that which could be obtained in Persia.  In London this class of tea is called flowery Pekoe Congow, and the last lot that we remember having seen, which was some 2 or 3 years ago, we ourselves sold to a client in Constantinople, the tea evidently being destined for the Persian market.  The name by which you say it is known in Persia - White tea - very truly describes the article, but the particular sample which you sent is not so white or silky as some we have previously seen.  For home consumption this tea is not worth much more than 1/- per lb but for report purposes, especially to the market that you named, good specimens command so much as 3/- to 5/- per lb. The variety of tea is referred to in For Office Report no 1662 Persia for the year 1894-95 annual series 1896 as follows;  White tea from Chine, or particularly Tong-King is consumed only in Yeza, and therefore the supply is limited.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066257
modified: 2007-05-18 15:04:41.913000
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Section included from the Pharm Journal and Transactions p 285-6 Sept 30, 1876.  Note described makeup of the specimen and details of how collected.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066260
modified: 2009-06-02 18:00:56.780000
country: BU
countryCode: BU
locality: Burma
ScientificName: Camellia sinensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Kuntze
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
specificEpithet: sinensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Extract from The Times of Ceylon Dec 5th, 1892.  Handfuls of shoots, four to six ins in length are broken off the plant and the steaming being omitted are pressed, fresh and raw into pits in the ground, and left to ferment until such time as the pony caravans are ready to take it away for sale in Mandalay or other neighbouring market.  The lepett is then taken out of the pit, and pressed into baskets, some 2 ft by 12 or 14 ins in breadth at the top narrowing to half the size at bottom.  These baskets of tea are slung over the ponies' backs, one on each side, after the manner of panniers, and travellers down the Wrawaddy in the Flottilla Company's steamers cannot but become more familiar than is agreeable with the vilely smelling baskets of lepett which are carried sometimes in hundreds as deck cargo, vying in unholy odour with the preparation of half decayed fish  which is regarded as a necessity of life by the inhabitants of Burma.  Leaves of above were reported on by Mr Hemsley as follows; The samples examined - alsmost certainly C thea.  Sir Dietrich Brandis tells me that it grows plentifully in Upper Burma and in the Upper Shar? Hills.  WBH 3.11.94.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066289
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Of the quality commonly exported from China to India. Greatly prized by Bhuthea ? 179 ?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066296
modified: 2007-06-18 14:53:08.567000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: Yunnan
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sent as a tribute to Peking. Label source:  Another kind from the same plant received at the same time. No.3.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066298
modified: 2007-05-22 12:33:00.683000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Padre Colony. The Colony the Chinese prepared for their priests, the most delicate and aromatic tea found in London Market, to which in some years, none at all comes. Sir T Lawrence. Label source:  Note recd. from Director to retain in Museum if required 24.9.04 JMST. 57 Princes Gate S.W., Feb. 5.81. Dear Dr Dyer, My colleague, Sir Henry Pech, is anxious to know whether there is any botanical difference between the ordinary tea of commerce, and a sample I have posted to you. The sample is of 'Padre' Oolong - i.e. the oolong the Chinese prepare for their priests. It is the finest, most delicate & aromatic tea to be found in the London Market, to which in some years none at all comes. I believe the tea is simply a finer & more scientifically? quality - but will you kindly give me a reliable opinion. For many years, Sir Henry has sent, as a token of homage, a supply of their tea to Lord Beaeaurfield ????? - so it may probably have  ?? some of their /see enclosed note - illegible!!! Mr Clarke thinks this tea is simply a fine kind of Pekoe - namely the younger leaves and top ? ? of the ordinary tea plant.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066300
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Assam Tea from the Chinese plant. Original label painted in black and gilt on bottle.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066307
modified: 2013-02-13 12:22:15.467000
country: BU
countryCode: BU
locality: Shan States, Pang District, Maw Long
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Copy of note of collector Scott, Burma Civil Service accompanying specimen Pu erh is the Chinese Prefecture under which the tea mills are governed since the British Government gave up its rights of the Shan State of Deng Hung.  None of the tea comes from Pu erh itself.  The chief centres are Yi Pang, Ingu (or Iwu) and Maw Long and the cultivators are all Chinamen.  The tea trees grow to a ht of 30 ft or more and have stems of one to 2 ft circumference.  The older trees are covered with silver lichen.  There are three pickings a year, the first of which is sent almost entirely for use in the Imperial Palace at Peking.  The later pickings also go to China and are very highly esteemed. Green leaves, flowers etc. were not obtainable.  Thesp sent is of the first picking and came from IWU. Probably the tree is the same as that of Tawng Peng in the Shan States (Gleacondendrum persicum or orientale) The tea is strong but light coloured.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066344
modified: 2019-06-24 11:18:45.953000
locality: Kiukiang
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Makes an excellent beverage Exhibited in Plants + People exhibition in Museum no.1, May 1998 to May 2016


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066346
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Prepared by repeated decoctions of tea produced in Chinese Shan States. It is only prepared in the Office of the Prefect of Szemao who sends it as a tribute to the Palace at Pekin.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066349
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Tea of which a quantity was offered for sale in London in July 1870 and 3 1/2 pence per pound, exclusive of duty.  Artificially coloured.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066350
modified: 2019-06-24 11:16:32.353000
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Each cake is stamped with Chinese characters Exhibited in Plants + People exhibition in Museum no.1, May 1998 to May 2016


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066355
modified: 2009-08-13 13:10:03.770000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: Hankow
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Exported from Hankow to Russian Siberia Letter 'Tablet Tea' from Col Moncrieff, extract from a letter from Col Moncrieff to Sir Joseph Hooker dated 15 Vicarage Gate Kensington June 24.1890 - 'My Chinese correspondent Mr Gardner HM Consular Hankow informs me market tablet tea is in use throughout Russian Siberia. It is manufactured at Hankow - the larger tablet from common tea dust and adheres after being strained in a pudding cloth for a moment by hand pressure ie the quanity of the dust required is placed in the bag and after being strained is poured into the wood mould and is pressed to the required consistency by a means of a heavy mallet wielded by one of the labourers. The cost of the common tea dust is 3 and a half Chinese ounces ofsilver - say 15 shillings per pearl = 133 lbs per ....?..... The cost of manufacture, export, duty, packing etc amounts to a further 15 shillings per pearl. The bulk when packed is only one sixth of the bulk of an equal weight of tea as ordinarily packed.The small tablet is made of the finest tea dust, the selection of which is made with great care - the original cost of this tea here is about 84 shillings per pearl. It is manufactured into tablets by steam machinery in a steel mould. The proper amount of dust is panned into the mould dry without steaming and has pressure bought to bear upon it, 2 tons per tablet, considerable care is required in the manufacture and packing of this tea and the cost is comparatively great.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066356
modified: 2019-06-24 11:17:41.907000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  572/1808 ? Exhibited in Plants + People exhibition in Museum no.1, May 1998 to May 2016


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066357
modified: 2006-09-04 17:30:51.883000
country: Hong Kong
countryCode: HK
locality: Hong Kong
ScientificName: Camellia sinensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Kuntze
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
specificEpithet: sinensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Formula active ingredients - Tea 65%, Rosa sp, Rosa canina 20% ; Phyllostachys nigra, young rolled bamboo leaf 5%; Morus alba, Mull Berry 4%; Glycyrrhiza glabra, Licorice 4%; Amomum cardamonum, cardamon 2% . Directions for use by boiling 1-2 packet of this herb extract with one pint of water for fifteen miutes then drink one teacupful. This herb entirely harmless. Purchased by Museum staff in London W1


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066358
ScientificName: Camellia sinensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Kuntze
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
specificEpithet: sinensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Purchased by Museum staff in London W1 Change of climate (??) This herbal is hygienically prepared by an expert, try once and you will try again.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066365
modified: 2006-10-19 16:09:18.777000
country: Jamaica
countryCode: JM
locality: Jamaica
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Tea grown and manipulated at the Cinchona Plantations Jamaica from Assam plants received through Kew in 1868


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066368
modified: 2006-10-23 15:21:17.647000
country: Kenya
countryCode: KE
locality: Kenya, Kericho, Kama Goket Estate, Tropical East Africa
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Memo - Tea leaves left at the Herbarium by Mr Holland, Keeper, from comparison with Assam material there is no reason to assume that these leaves are any other than Assam tea. MLG July 31 1916 See Letter 297.1916: XI p.17 Also packet of tea manufactured 5 May 1916


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066376
country: South Africa
countryCode: ZA
locality: South Africa, Natal
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Produced in Natal from Assam plants 5 years old Grown by Miss Planet near the Esidamtini (?) Mission Station Lower Unwold (?)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066384
modified: 2006-09-22 15:13:56.070000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: Chinese Shan States
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Puerh Tea, Ist quality. Young leaf buds prepared by sun drying. Tea of the same quality is sent as a tribute to the Palace at Peking by the Prefect of Szemao. Grown in Chinese Shan States.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066394
country: Jamaica
countryCode: JM
locality: Jamaica
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Tea grown and manufactures in Jamaica. Sample of Jamaica Tea Prepared at the Government Cinchona Plantation. Exhibited by the Botanic Department Jamaica.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066404
modified: 2006-07-20 15:57:55.520000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Darjeeling
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Darjeeling tea with the true Muscat flavour. Produce of India. Flowery Orange Pekoe Special. 1/2 lb net Blended and packed in England. 227 Grammes. By Appointment to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II Grocers and Provision Merchants Fortnum And Mason Ltd, London.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066409
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: Shanghai
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  As imported into London in 1863, from Shanghai, for re-exportation to Russia. Price in London market 6d per lb and duty.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066417
modified: 2006-10-23 12:04:26.890000
country: Hong Kong
countryCode: HK
locality: Hong Kong
ScientificName: Camellia sasanqua
scientificNameAuthorship: Thunb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
specificEpithet: sasanqua
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Cake of the residue of seeds after expression of the oil.  A decoction is used in China for the eradication of earthworms.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066422
modified: 2019-06-24 11:23:28.440000
locality: Canton
ScientificName: Camellia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Samples of tea and substances used in colouring of Green Tea. 1. Bohea souchong, 2. Do. roasted in iron pans = Black tea 3. No 2 dyed. 4. Fine siftings of no 3 (Young Hyson), 5. Large do. do. (Gunpowder) = Green tea.   6. Prussian blue, 7.Turmeric, and 8. Gypsum = These three substances are commonly used by the Chinese for converting Black Tea into Green Tea. Exhibited in Plants + People exhibition Museum No 1, Kew.  May 1998 to May 2016.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066441
modified: 2024-12-16 17:35:08.283000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: Tibet
ScientificName: Theaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Mirb. ex Ker Gawl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
LABEL SOURCE: Tibetan Tea Pots from Shigatzi, used in preparing Brick Tea. The Tea is first churned with Salt, Butter and [missing] in a Bamboo Vessel.  Dr. J.D. Hooker. 


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066442
modified: 2023-05-17 15:16:24.100000
ScientificName: Theaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Mirb. ex Ker Gawl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Original model of Greigs Hand, Circular motion, tea sifting machine. from John Greig and Co, Engineers & Millwrights, Regent Works, Edinburgh.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066447
modified: 2024-12-19 14:54:09.660000
recordedBy: King, Dr George
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: Tibet
ScientificName: Theaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Mirb. ex Ker Gawl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Box made partly of bamboo, for holding rancid yaks butter used in the preparation of tea in Tibet. Exhibited in Plants + People exhibition Museum No 1, Kew.  May 1998 to May 2016.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066448
modified: 2007-06-18 14:52:38.193000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China, Yunnan
ScientificName: Camellia sinensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Kuntze
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
specificEpithet: sinensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Brought as a tribute to Peking 'The Chinese drink a cup of the tea after a heavy meal as a digestive, even two cups may be indulged in but three would be productive of inconvenience and four positively dangerous'  Extract of letter from GMW Playfair dated Pekhoi Feb 20 1883 'Poo-urh' tea of Yunnan said to be used to aid digestion after heavy meals than usual. It is not to be purchased in any part of China that I have been to. It is sent in tribute to Peking and can only be obtained in the L. of China when bought by officials from Yunnan. See letter from John Fryer to Sir Joseph Hooker dated near Port Said Feb 15 1879


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066450
modified: 2024-12-16 17:20:57.087000
eventRemarks: Central and eastern Himalaya expedition 1847-49
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: Shigatzi (Xigaze) Tibet
ScientificName: Theaceae
scientificNameAuthorship: Mirb. ex Ker Gawl.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Tea pot from Shigatzi, used in preparing Brick Tea. The tea is first churned with salt, butter & hot water in a bamboo vessel.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066452
modified: 2006-11-08 16:27:30.010000
ScientificName: Camellia sinensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Kuntze
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
specificEpithet: sinensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter - Clapham 28th March, My Dear Sir the ball tea I mentioned in my note varies in quality as does also the brick tea in some specimens the tea has been broken down into a sulphur powder before being compressed. The tea you mentioned Ipresume will turn out to be Pekoe Tea of which large quanities are carried into Russia by the caravans but I must see this before I can determine. I have no list of my collection, it is too small for that but I have it in balls .... of state plain and twisted faggots and wheat sheaf. The Chinese would distinguish the tea of commerce by the term tea leaf as the call the infusion tea water: which the others would be determined brick or tile and pale teas. The best account of tea is that lately published for Longman & Co. I remain my dear Sir, Mr Reeves


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066455
modified: 2019-06-24 11:19:47.100000
ScientificName: Camellia sinensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Kuntze
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
specificEpithet: sinensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Two glass jars; 1st Fancy tea prov Yun-nan from R Fortune VIII.25.1852. 2nd J Dittrichs Apotheke Prag. Exhibited in Plants + People exhibition in Museum no.1, May 1998 to May 2016


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066467
modified: 1997-01-14 00:00:00
ScientificName: Camellia sinensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Kuntze
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
specificEpithet: sinensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Glass tube; specimen found on a `bus in the Isle of Man`. Sent by RA Shimmin, 167, Lewes Rd Brighton & & of Saltdean, Sussex. Nov. 1961.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066468
modified: 2006-12-05 15:40:24.390000
country: China
countryCode: CN
locality: China
ScientificName: Camellia sinensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Kuntze
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Camellia
specificEpithet: sinensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Extract of tea prepared by prefect of Sezemao & sent to the Emperor as a tribute. For Chinese Imperial use.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066476
modified: 2006-11-28 17:03:18.943000
country: Cambodia
countryCode: KH
locality: Cambodia
ScientificName: Laplacea quinoderma
scientificNameAuthorship: Wedd.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Theaceae
genus: Laplacea
specificEpithet: quinoderma
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Name according to J E Howard. Offered for sale as 'Red peruvian Bark' by Merry & Son 6.V.1858.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066481
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: Guiana
ScientificName: Caryocar nuciferum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryocaraceae
genus: Caryocar
specificEpithet: nuciferum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The kernels have a very agreeable sweet taste, and they yield a sweet oil by expression. America.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066486
modified: 2007-06-25 13:12:29.690000
locality: South America
ScientificName: Caryocar
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryocaraceae
genus: Caryocar
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter 125,1918, xii p 72. AK Lawson, 11 Addison Road, Hale Cheshire, 12.iii. 18, believed to come from Brazil - Caryocar.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066487
modified: 2006-05-18 14:04:45.003000
ScientificName: Caryocar
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryocaraceae
genus: Caryocar
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Boustead & Co, 149 Leadenhall St EC3, garden no 152,1919. Received from Curators Office on 30 June, 1919, and left at Kew by Mr Wickham.  Entry book: Outer parts of fruits of Piquia - (seeds kept at pits to grow). Note to Director 3.vii.19 for particulars. 


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066511
modified: 2010-04-21 12:18:47.107000
locality: West Africa
ScientificName: Allanblackia floribunda
scientificNameAuthorship: Oliv.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Allanblackia
specificEpithet: floribunda
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  It is stated that the seeds of four fruits of Stearodendron or Allanblackia stuhlmanii, Engler will yield 2 to 3 lbs of fat of the same stiffness as tallow & used for making candles at Bagamoyo. This trade has reached large dimensions known in Usambara as Msambo.?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066514
modified: 2006-05-19 15:58:26.293000
locality: West Africa
ScientificName: Allanblackia floribunda
scientificNameAuthorship: Oliv.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Allanblackia
specificEpithet: floribunda
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Imported into Liverpool as an oil seed from West Africa. Opuscular source:  J H Rayner & Co, Liverpool 18 March 1891 to Dr I J Jackson, London. Dear Sir, We have today sent you a sample of nuts lately arrived from the West Coast of Africa,and shall be glad to hear if you think same to be of any commercial value. Yours Faithfully J H Rayner. Allanblackis floribunda Oliv. named from specimens in Kew ? 28.2.99 JMST.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066515
modified: 2005-03-10 11:13:09.243000
country: Tanzania
countryCode: TZ
locality: Zanzibar
ScientificName: Allanblackia sacleuxii
scientificNameAuthorship: Hua
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Allanblackia
specificEpithet: sacleuxii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mr W B Hemsley suggests that Allanblackia sacleuxii, Hua is probably the correct name for this fruit. JMST 28.2.99.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066546
modified: 2014-03-17 16:52:51.363000
country: Tanzania
countryCode: TZ
locality: Zanzibar
ScientificName: Allanblackia sacleuxii
scientificNameAuthorship: Hua
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Allanblackia
specificEpithet: sacleuxii
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Specimen of Kanya and fruit of tree for Kew Gardens, from Dr Christie James Wissenand ? and Co. London.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066561
modified: 2010-09-23 13:02:04.647000
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India, Bombay
ScientificName: Garcinia indica
scientificNameAuthorship: (Thouars) Choisy
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Garcinia
specificEpithet: indica
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Common on W coast between Damann and Goa; it grows wild upon the hills of the Concan, but is often to be seen in gardens close to the sea.  It flowers about Christmas and ripens its fruit in April and May.  Fruit is largely used all along the w coast as acid ingredient in curries, and is an article of commerce in the dry state.  Prepared by removing seeds and drying the pulp in the sun; the latter is then slightly salted and ready for the market.  In Goa the pulp is sometimes separated from the skin and made into large globular or elongated masses.  Seeds are pounded and boiled to extract oil which becomes solid and is moulded into balls or convex cakes.  This is known as kokum butter and is used for cooking, and it is not usually used to adulterate Ghee.  Apothecaries of Goa prepare a fine purple syrup from fruit.  Fruit is spherical, about the size of a small orange, purple, containing an acid pulp of deeper colour in which 5 to 8 reniform seeds are imbedded.  Kokum butter is dirty white colour, firm, dry and friable in hottest weather, and greasy to the touch, it is usually impure and needs remelting and straining before use for pharmaceutical purposes.  It has a yellowish tinge, so ointments of it is inferior in appearence to spermacetiointment.  Dymock. Pharm Journ.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066588
modified: 2006-05-22 15:58:59.703000
locality: SE Asia
ScientificName: Garcinia mangostana
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Garcinia
specificEpithet: mangostana
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sold in Labuan Brunei, Sooloo and Straits Settlements as a remedy for dysentery. Their value as a medicinal remedy is due to their ultra astringent properties.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066597
locality: Indo-China
ScientificName: Garcinia tonkinensis
scientificNameAuthorship: Vesque
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Garcinia
specificEpithet: tonkinensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  No 4.1904 New Product Book See Letter 19 1904 French Indo-China G.tonkinensis Vesque. in D.C. Monog. Pharm VIII (1891) 379 Syn G.balansae Baill in Ball Soc Linn Paris ii (1890) 827 Pierre Flor For Cochinch. fasc vi 7 JHHAp 5 1905 No specimen in Herbarium at this date See Bulletin Econonique Indo-China (1902) p.333 According to Messrs Bibby seeds yield 80% of oil


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066606
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Garcinia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Garcinia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mr Hillier, I think there is little doubt of your fruits being a Garcinia but not I think G.indica. Our fruiting material is very scanty but it somewhat resembles one of G.cowa Roxb. WmGC 11.iii.16


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066610
country: BU
countryCode: BU
locality: Burma
ScientificName: Garcinia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Garcinia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Gamboge collected from a tree called by the Burmese Thanatan - sent to the Horticultural and Agricultural Society of India by Capt. Ripley Assistant Commissioner of Arracan Recd. from AK Plechynden 29.v.1858


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066622
modified: 2012-03-26 12:39:48.673000
country: Malawi
countryCode: MW
locality: Nyasaland
ScientificName: Harungana madagascariensis
scientificNameAuthorship: Lam. ex Poir.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Hypericaceae
genus: Harungana
specificEpithet: madagascariensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Herb. Hort. Bot. Reg. Kew. Purves, No. 5 see spec in the Herb. I presume the second sample of dye referred to is the black substance stuck to the label. T.A.S. 19.IV.06


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066636
recordNumber: 1276
recordedBy: Jefford TG, Juniper BE, Newbould J
country: Tanzania
countryCode: TZ
locality: Tanzania, Mpanda District, Mahali Mts
eventDate: 1958-08-01 00:00:00.0000000
verbatimEventDate: 01/08/1958
ScientificName: Harungana madagascariensis
scientificNameAuthorship: Lam. ex Poir.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Hypericaceae
genus: Harungana
specificEpithet: madagascariensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Slender tree 35 feet X 9 inches growing in gallery forest. Latex orange. Bark reddish brown. Jobogo????


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066664
country: Ghana
countryCode: GH
locality: Ghana, Gold Coast
ScientificName: Pentadesma butyracea
scientificNameAuthorship: Sabine
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Pentadesma
specificEpithet: butyracea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Submitted to Mr Boodle, with seeds from Porter and Co, Liverpool - letter 477, 1923, xv p140 - and named apparently P butyracea. JHH 14. xi. 23.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066666
locality: West Africa
ScientificName: Pentadesma butyracea
scientificNameAuthorship: Sabine
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Pentadesma
specificEpithet: butyracea
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Letter 380 1915, x p118. Letter from Bolton, Analyst, London, to Hillier - Very many thanks for  your letter of 16th inst, I have delayed sending you the sample of the fat from the Koma nuts in order to have an opportunity of comparing it with the fat which I have extracted from the galls themselves.  This I have now done, and find it to be identical, there being about 36% of this fat in the galls.  It is not usual to find such a quantity of fat in a gall, and do you think that the chemical composition of the fat., which is like kokum butter, gives any clue as to the source,


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066670
ScientificName: Platonia
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Poaceae
genus: Platonia
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Letter 440, 1917, xii p21. The oil seed has not been determined. It no doubt belongs to the family Guttiferae and it bears considerable resemblance to Platonia insignis, Mart. as figured in the Flora Brasiliensis.  The general structure is identical, but in the Platonia, the seeds are shown as triquetrous with a conspicuous depression at the top, features not present in the seeds submitted.  They are also similar to Garcinia and Rheedia, genera with a considerable number of sp of which seeds are now known.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066671
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil
ScientificName: Platonia
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Poaceae
genus: Platonia
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Letter 341, 1919, xiii p73 See letter book xiii, p78, 29 Sept, 1919. The conspicuous inner portion of the seed is the central part of the embryo consisting chiefly of pit, the brown secretory canals being absent from this part.  The seed probably belongs to Platonia.  The name Bacury is given by Martius (Flor Bras XII 1. p106) as applied to Platonia insignis Mart.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066673
modified: 2008-02-05 14:26:39.497000
country: Congo, Republic of the
countryCode: CG
locality: Congo
ScientificName: Symphonia globulifera
scientificNameAuthorship: L.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Symphonia
specificEpithet: globulifera
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Echantillon sans valeur.  See museum product book No 3 1893. Etat independant du Congo, Bruxelles.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066677
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: Guyana
ScientificName: Symphonia globulifera
scientificNameAuthorship: L.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Symphonia
specificEpithet: globulifera
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Used by the Indians for joining wood together and for coating the splicings of their arrows. Everard F im Thurn. 11.12.79


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066681
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: Guyana
ScientificName: Symphonia globulifera
scientificNameAuthorship: L.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Symphonia
specificEpithet: globulifera
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The crude resin is burnt and allowed to drop into water, afterward collected, remelted and poured into bamboos.  Used for coating ropes and cordage, and also for fixing arrow heads.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066685
modified: 2004-07-20 12:16:24.637000
recordedBy: Spruce, Richard
country: Venezuela
countryCode: VE
locality: Venezuela, Orinoco
ScientificName: Symphonia globulifera
scientificNameAuthorship: L.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Symphonia
specificEpithet: globulifera
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source: Peraman, a sort of pitch prepared by Piaroa Indians on the Orinoco. Apparently identical with Oanani of Brazil, and certainly extracted from a species of Moronobaea which from its leaves I cannot distinguish from M cocinea.  At San Carlos it is called Mani. 65.1855. no186.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066687
country: Brazil
countryCode: BR
locality: Brazil
ScientificName: Paullinia cupana
scientificNameAuthorship: Kunth
kingdom: Plantae
family: Sapindaceae
genus: Paullinia
specificEpithet: cupana
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Flora of Brazil From a Ver-O-Peso market stall, Belem. It is grated to produce a powder, 1tsp is taken in water.  Good for male verility.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066688
modified: 2010-07-05 12:57:24.207000
country: Venezuela
countryCode: VE
locality: Venezuela
ScientificName: Clusia rosea
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Clusia
specificEpithet: rosea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Resina de Chuchy, Venezuela.  Letter D 155. 23/03/1933 Keeper, Herbarium. It has not been possible to match thse fruits with any material in the Museum.  If they are named we whould be glad to know of the determination. JHH 25.3.1833. Resin from the fruit is used in Venezuela where the plant is known as Copei.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066692
country: Trinidad and Tobago
countryCode: TT
locality: Trinidad
ScientificName: Vismia cayennensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (Jacq.) Pers.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Hypericaceae
genus: Vismia
specificEpithet: cayennensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Extract of letter to Director dated Bot dept, Trinidad, 16.8.00 Herewith I send you a lump of resinous gum which is extracted from Vismia cayennensis and V ferruginea. It is called gamboge and may be that gamboge referred to by Mr Lodge in his late report.  This tree is one of the bloodwoods of Trinidad.  The matter is easily soluble in Chloroform and alcohol and partly in water.  Rubbed up in water the gum shows the Brownian movement?


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066695
country: Guyana
countryCode: GY
locality: British Guiana
ScientificName: Quiina jamaicensis
scientificNameAuthorship: Griseb.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Ochnaceae
genus: Quiina
specificEpithet: jamaicensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  These have first come under my notice as seeds used for necklaces and ornaments said to be derived .......(missing)...


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066698
ScientificName: Symphonia globulifera
scientificNameAuthorship: L.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Symphonia
specificEpithet: globulifera
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mixed with beeswax and powdered charcoal, it is used by the Indians for cementing arrowheads


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066699
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Mesua ferrea
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Calophyllaceae
genus: Mesua
specificEpithet: ferrea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This handsome tree with its large cistus-like flowers, is found in the Southern Concan and Goa Territory, but is much more abundant further south. The dry blossom are known as Nagkesur in the bazaars. The bark contains much resinous juice, which exudes freely when it is wounded. The root bark has a reddish brown epidermis, consisting of ten or more rows of brick-shaped cells, full of condensed resin. Within the epidermis is a variable number of rows of cells of the same shape, yellow, refractive, and containing resinous juice. The medullary rays are also yellow and refractive. There are numerous laticiferous vessels. This bark is maidly astringent and feebly aromatic ; it is not bitter as stated in the Pharmacopoeia of India.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066704
country: India
countryCode: IN
locality: India
ScientificName: Ochrocarpos longifolius
scientificNameAuthorship: Benth. & Hook.f. ex T.Anderson
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Ochrocarpos
specificEpithet: longifolius
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This specimen id figured in P.J. (1) X p.449 & 321. Fig of plant see P.J. (1) X p.598


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066706
ScientificName: Haronga madagascariensis
scientificNameAuthorship: (Lam. ex Poir.) Choisy
kingdom: Plantae
family: Hypericaceae
genus: Haronga
specificEpithet: madagascariensis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  This consists of the leaves or twigs of H.madagascariensis. The leaves are opposite, smooth, short stalked, oblong, entire, with prominent veins underneath, which are placed at almost a right angle to the midrib. The taste is very astringent. In Madagascar the leaves are used as well as those of the Harongana kelifodia (Psidium pomiferum) in diarrhoea and dysentery. In Mauritius (according to Bouton, l.c.,p.19) the yellow juice which flows from the incised stems is used as an application to ringworm and a skin disease called Tampane.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066732
ScientificName: Garcinia hanburyi
scientificNameAuthorship: Hook.f.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Garcinia
specificEpithet: hanburyi
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Pharmaceutical Society (North British Branch), 36, York Place Edinburgh, March 1961. EM.H. 3/8/85.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066744
ScientificName: Calophyllum tacamahaca
scientificNameAuthorship: Willd.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Calophyllaceae
genus: Calophyllum
specificEpithet: tacamahaca
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Baume vert. Resine tacamaque de Bourbon Guibourt. Tacamahaca of the Island of Bourbon, purchased (vi.1852) in Paris as Baume vert, vide Guibourt, Hist des Drog. iii.p. 564.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066747
country: Venezuela
countryCode: VE
locality: Venezuela
ScientificName: Clusia rosea
scientificNameAuthorship: Jacq.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Clusia
specificEpithet: rosea
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Letter from Arthur Hill, Director of Kew to Pharm Society; 29th March 1933, Dear Sir, I beg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 23rd instant accompanied by fruits from Venezuela known as 'Resina de Chuchy' for identification. These appear to be the fruits of a species of Clusia (family Guttiferae), probably Clusia rosa Jacq. the valves having broken away leaving the septre and seeds. It is recored that the resin from the fruits of C. rosea is used in Venezuela where the plant is known as 'Copei'. References to the medicinal uses of theis species are to be found in Kew Bulletin 1891 p.167, Plancheon & Collins 'Les Drogues Simples' and no doubt other works.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066748
country: Fiji
countryCode: FJ
locality: Fiji
ScientificName: Calophyllum inophyllum
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Calophyllaceae
genus: Calophyllum
specificEpithet: inophyllum
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The beautiful tree, known locally as the (ndilo) Dilo, is quite a common object on the sea coasts of Fiji.  In Tahiti it is called the Tamanu; in India the Sashuma.  Seemann says that in the latter country the oil of the Dilo is of commercial importance under the name of woondel.  In Fiji this oil extracted, with considerable difficulty from the hard round fruits, is very highly esteemed, not only as a general lubricant, but as of especial medicinal value in cases of rheumatism, sprains, and severe bruises.  Europeans have learnt the therapeutic virtues of the Dilo from the natives and have great faith in its curative powers.  Furthermore, the leaves, soaked over night in water, are said to make an excellent eye wash.  The exhudation from the stem, used as scent in some of the Pacific Islands, is the Tacamahaca resin of commerce.  Dilo wood has a reddish tinge and is admired on account of the beauty of its grain and its hardness.  These trees grow to a considerable height and their glossy leaves and charming flowers, with golden centres, form a very delightful contrast to the usual foliage of the littoral; while the ground under them is carpeted with the hard seeds from which the oil may be extracted at the price of much hard labour.  According to Ratu Deve Tonganivalu (Reke Tui Bua) there are several ways of making oil.  These are classified as; Nataiwai sobu, Na tukilamulamu.  Na koravula and Na waiwai dilo.  Note.  We can vouch for the efficacy of ndilo oil, from observation thecure is truly a wonderful one, and especially noticeable in chronic pains and rheumatism and stiffness in the joints.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066751
country: Singapore
countryCode: SG
locality: Singapore
ScientificName: Garcinia
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Clusiaceae
genus: Garcinia
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Gamboge tree of Siam.  As taken from tree and after frequent washings in spirit  Mr Jarnie (or Jamie) Singapore Sept 1873.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066763
modified: 2010-05-12 17:42:40.520000
ScientificName: Tamarix
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Tamaricaceae
genus: Tamarix
occurrenceRemarks:
Opuscular source:  Letter 402, 1924, xvi p47. The specimens appear to be galls of a sp probably T articulata, which occurs in Angola.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066770
modified: 2011-03-30 17:59:17.843000
country: United States
countryCode: US
locality: America
ScientificName: Fouquieria splendens
scientificNameAuthorship: Engelm.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Fouquieriaceae
genus: Fouquieria
specificEpithet: splendens
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Native of NW Texas and New Mexico.  The species here figured extends Westwards from NW Texas through New Mexico and Arizona to S California and the Mexican states of Coapuila, Chihuahua and Sonara.  In the N part of this are the plant is variously known as the Coach Whip the Lime cactus and Jacobs Staff. Its Mexican name is Ocotello.  The bark contains a gum and a resin and yields a wax.  It is an effective and impenetrable hedge and according to Dewy is sometimes planted closely in line around a rectangle 10ft long and 5 across.  An opening is left at one end a covering of brush is laid on top and the result is a hut such as Mexican families of the poorest inhabit. (Bot Mag t.8318, 1910).


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066775
modified: 2010-07-07 11:32:01.430000
recordedBy: Baines T
locality: South Tropical Africa
ScientificName: Portulaca
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Portulacaceae
genus: Portulaca
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Used by the bushmen as an antidote to the poison of an insect known as Ngwa or Kaa. Flower and leaf - and section of root. Used as antidote to Ngwa or Kaa - the grub with the entrails of which they poison their arrows - they first scarify the wound then chew the root and rub it on and afterward apply grease - they have hitherto denied this or striven to mislead while men who enquired on the subject but yesterday, Chapman, after questioning them in every possible form said sharply to one of them `and what do you call the Kala haetlwe` - he was evidently taken by surprise and confessing that the white men knew everything, went and brought the plant.  Dec 3rd,  SW of Lake Ngami.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066776
country: Nigeria
countryCode: NG
locality: Lagos
ScientificName: Portulaca quadrifida
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Portulacaceae
genus: Portulaca
specificEpithet: quadrifida
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Trailing herb with fleshy tiny leaves and yellow flowers. Used medicinally, Govt House Grounds


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066788
ScientificName: Corrigiola litoralis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryophyllaceae
genus: Corrigiola
specificEpithet: litoralis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  1. Corrigiola telehiifolia Pourr. = C.littoralis Linn (Kew Index) 2. Planchon et Collin Des Drogues Simples II 43 p.6683. Pharm Journ (3) XXII 405 (1891) figs 2 & 3


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066790
country: Morocco
countryCode: MA
locality: Morocco
ScientificName: Corrigiola litoralis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryophyllaceae
genus: Corrigiola
specificEpithet: litoralis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Letter 262,1918 : xii p.114 June 20th 1918, Messrs J de Levy & Sons, acknowledge the receipt of their letter of the 17th instant and in reply to say thet the sample of 'Sarghina' from Morocco, submitted for identification appears to be the root of C.littoralis (Syn, C.telephiifolia).  On a similar specimen in the Museum at kew it is stated. - 'Exported from Tangier to Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli and Egypt, for use as incense and as a yellow dye'.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066793
country: Morocco
countryCode: MA
locality: Morocco
ScientificName: Corrigiola litoralis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryophyllaceae
genus: Corrigiola
specificEpithet: litoralis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Sample of 'Sarghina' roots from Morocco. Aaron Afriat & Co 59 Mark Lane EC 3 The specimens have been identified as the 'roots' (ie the under ground parts, consisting chiefly of root) of C.littoralis L. (incl C.telephiifolia, Pourr. ) LAB 6.6.18 Letter 241,1918 : XII p.106 dated June 7th 1918, Messrs Aaron Afriat & Co Ltd, acknowledge the receipt of their letter of the 31st ultimo and in relpy to say that the sample of 'Sarghina' from Morocco, submitted for identification appears to be the root of C.littoralis (Syn C.telephiifolia). On a similar specimen in the Museum at kew it is stated.- 'Exported from Tangier to Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli and Egypt, for use as incense and as a yellow dye.'


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066794
country: Morocco
countryCode: MA
locality: Morocco, Arzila
ScientificName: Corrigiola litoralis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryophyllaceae
genus: Corrigiola
specificEpithet: litoralis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Exported from Tangier to Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli and Egypt for use as incense and as a yellow dye


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066796
modified: 2007-04-17 16:00:57.633000
country: Morocco
countryCode: MA
locality: Morocco
ScientificName: Corrigiola litoralis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryophyllaceae
genus: Corrigiola
specificEpithet: litoralis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  The sample of 'Sarghine' is apparently the root of C.littoralis L., or perhaps of C.telephiifolia Pourr., if that is regarded as a separate species. Probably a saponin or similar substance is present in the root. Dragendorff (Die Heilpflanzen) states that C.telephiifolia is used medicinally in Morocco. LAB 11.2.27 See letter


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066798
modified: 2007-06-25 15:37:45.950000
country: Iran
countryCode: IR
locality: Iran
ScientificName: Gypsophila paniculata
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryophyllaceae
genus: Gypsophila
specificEpithet: paniculata
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Aitchison; Post; Boiss i 542 ; Ph. Ind. i 155. A shrubby plant of North Persia, Afghanistan and the Caucasus and Turkestan, 3 to 4 feet high with numerous stems springing from a perennial root-stock. The plants are characteristic of sandy soil; in Khorasan they are wild in cultivated ground. The underground root-stocks are collected and used as soap for washing the hair and clothes. In Persia the roots are regarded as poisonous. They contain the glucoside saponin; Kobert in 1904 separatedfrom 6 to 16 per cent of this principle from various samples of soap root. The Persian drug is no doubt a substitute for the older Roman and Egyptian Struthium, the root of G.struthium Linn. of south Europe. According to Achundow some of the vernacular names may refer to other saponin-yielding plants. G.arrostii Guss. is the origin of the levantic soap root. (KB 1931 p.319)


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066800
country: Morocco
countryCode: MA
locality: Morocco
ScientificName: Corrigiola litoralis
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryophyllaceae
genus: Corrigiola
specificEpithet: litoralis
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Mr Holland, I agree that this is C.littoralis CRM 8.6.34 Enclosing sample (root) received from Morocco for name and uses.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066802
country: Germany
countryCode: DE
locality: Germany
ScientificName: Gypsophila
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryophyllaceae
genus: Gypsophila
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  (Letter 570,1914;ix.p.157) Sample importedinto Sheffield from Germany at 50.0.0 pounds sterling per ton.


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066807
modified: 2019-06-18 12:32:40.717000
locality: Smyrna
ScientificName: Gypsophila
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryophyllaceae
genus: Gypsophila
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Soap root, very old. Thad Saponariaealbae lerantii?? January 1891. The drug as it used to be imported from Smyrna, 30 years ago. Exhibited in Plants+People exhibition in Museum No.1, May 1998 to May 2016


institutionCode: K
collectionCode: Economic Botany
basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
occurrenceID: http://specimens.kew.org/Ecbot/K:EBC-000066816
modified: 2006-05-04 16:41:29.047000
recordedBy: Macgregor
country: Iran
countryCode: IR
locality: East Iran
ScientificName: Silene conoidea
scientificNameAuthorship: L.
kingdom: Plantae
family: Caryophyllaceae
genus: Silene
specificEpithet: conoidea
occurrenceRemarks:
Label source:  Herb. Hort. Bot. Reg. Kew. H. 1836/22. East Persia, at about 4500 ft, collected by Major Macgregor. The seeds are said to be used as a remedy for diarrhoea. Recd. from Dr T.A. Henry 15/xi/22.


